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a, nH2SO4=0.02*1=0.02(mol)
H2SO4 + NaOH ➞ Na2SO4 +H2O
0.02.........0.02........0.02.........0.02.......(mol)
m dung dịch NaOH=(0.02*40)*100/20=4(g)
b) H2SO4 + KOH ➞ K2SO4 +H2O
....0.02.......0.02..........0.02......0.02...(mol)
mdung dịch KOH=(0.02*56)*100/5.6=20(g)
Vdung dịch=20/1.045=19.139(ml)
nNaOH=0,025mol
nH2SO4=0,015mol
2NaOH+H2SO4->Na2SO4+2H2O
Ta có 0,025/2 <0,015/1 =>H2SO4 dư
Khi nhúng quì tím vào dd thì quì tím chuyển sang màu đỏ
2NaOH+H2SO4->Na2SO4+2H2O
0,025 0,0125 0,0125
DD X: H2SO4:0,0025mol
Na2SO4: 0,0125mol
C(H2SO4)=0,00625M
C(NaOH)=0,03125M
1) $n_{NaOH} = 0,015(mol) ; n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,025(mol)$
$2NaOH + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + H_2O$
Ta thấy :
$n_{NaOH} : 2 < n_{H_2SO_4} : 1$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư
Do đó quỳ tím hóa đỏ.
2)
$n_{Na_2SO_4} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH} = 0,0075(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,025 - 0,0075 = 0,0175(mol)$
$V_{dd\ X} = 0,15 + 0,25 = 0,4(lít)$
Suy ra :
$C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,0075}{0,4} = 0,01875M$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4\ dư}} = \dfrac{0,0175}{0,4} = 0,04375M$
3)
$2KOH + H_2SO_4 \to K_2SO_4 + H_2O$
$n_{KOH} = 2n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,035(mol)$
$V_{dd\ KOH} =\dfrac{0,035}{1} = 0,035(lít)$
Câu 16:
PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,25\cdot1,5=0,375\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}=n_{KCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,375}{2}=0,1875\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{KCl}}=\dfrac{0,375}{0,1875+0,25}\approx0,86\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 18:
PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot14,7\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot56}{5,6\%}=600\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{600}{10,45}\approx57,42\left(ml\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{K_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot174}{600+200}\cdot100\%=6,525\%\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,15.1=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KOH}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KOH}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{16,8}{5,6\%}=300\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{300}{10,45}\approx28,71\left(ml\right)\)
nH2SO4 = 0.2*1=0.2 mol
2NaOH + H2SO4 --> Na2SO4 + H2O
0.4________0.2
mNaOH = 0.4*40=16g
2KOH + H2SO4 --> K2SO4 + H2O
0.4______0.2
mKOH= 0.4*56=22.4g
mddKOH = 22.4*100/5.6=400g
VddKOH = 400/1.045=382.77ml
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\times1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
H2SO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + 2H2O (1)
a) Theo PT1: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=2\times0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,4\times40=16\left(g\right)\)
b) H2SO4 + 2KOH → K2SO4 + 2H2O (2)
Theo PT2: \(n_{KOH}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=2\times0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KOH}=0,4\times56=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\frac{22,4}{5,6\%}=400\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\frac{400}{1,045}=382,78\left(ml\right)\)
nH2SO4=0,02.1=0,02(mol)nH2SO4=0,02.1=0,02(mol)
PTHH: H2SO4+2NaOH→Na2SO4+2H2OH2SO4+2NaOH→Na2SO4+2H2O
pư..............0,02..........0,04..............0,02...........0,04 (mol)
⇒mNaOH=0,04.40=1,6(g)⇒mNaOH=0,04.40=1,6(g)
⇒mddNaOH(20%)=1,620%=8(g)⇒mddNaOH(20%)=1,620%=8(g)
PTHH: H2SO4+2KOH→K2SO4+2H2OH2SO4+2KOH→K2SO4+2H2O
pư............0,02............0,04............0,02..........0,04 (mol)
⇒mKOH=0,04.56=2,24(g)⇒mKOH=0,04.56=2,24(g)
⇒mddKOH(5,6%)=2,245,6%=40(g)⇒mddKOH(5,6%)=2,245,6%=40(g)
⇒VKOH=401,045≈38,28(ml)
a) nH2SO4 = 0,2 . 1 = 0,2 mol
H2SO4 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,2 0,4
mNaOH = 0,4 . 40 = 16g
mddNaOH = \(\frac{16.100\%}{20\%}=80g\)
b) 2KOH + H2SO4 -> K2SO4 + 2H2O
0,4 <---------- 0,2
=> mKOH = 0,4 . 56 = 22,4 g
mddKOH = \(\frac{22,4.100\%}{5,6\%}=400g\)
VddKOH = \(\frac{400}{1,045}=383ml\)