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Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,4}{44}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\overline{M}_B=\dfrac{m_{CO_2}+m_{O_2}+m_{H_2}}{n_{CO_2}+n_{O_2}+n_{H_2}}=\dfrac{4,4+0,1.32+0,3.2}{0,1+0,1+0,3}=16,4\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow d_{B/H_2}=\dfrac{\overline{M}_B}{M_{H_2}}=\dfrac{16,4}{2}=8,2\)
a) Gọi nO2 =a (mol); nO3 = b(mol)
Có: \(\dfrac{32a+48b}{a+b}=20.2=40\)
=> 32a + 48b = 40a + 40b
=> 8a = 8b => a = b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{a}{a+a}.100\%=50\%\\\%V_{O_3}=100\%-50\%=50\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Gọi nN2 =a (mol); nNO = b(mol)
Có: \(\dfrac{28a+30b}{a+b}=14,75.2=29,5\)
=> 28a + 30b = 29,5a + 29,5b
=> 1,5a = 0,5b
=> 3a = b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{N_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{a}{a+3a}.100\%=25\%\\\%V_{NO}=100\%-25\%=75\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,2}{32}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{8,8}{44}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\overline{M}_Y=\dfrac{3,2+8,8}{0,1+0,2}=40\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow d_{Y/H_2}=\dfrac{\overline{M}_Y}{M_{H_2}}=\dfrac{40}{2}=20\)
a) \(M_X=19.2=38\left(g/mol\right)\)
`=>` \(d_{X/kk}=\dfrac{38}{29}=1,310345\)
b) \(m_X=0,4.38=15,2\left(g\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
`=>` \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}32x+44y=15,2\\x+y=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=0,2\)
\(m_Y=0,1.28+15,2=18\left(g\right)\)
`=>` \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{N_2}=\dfrac{0,1.28}{18}.100\%=15,56\%\\\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,2.32}{18}.100\%=35,56\%\\\%m_{CO_2}=100\%-15,56\%-35,56\%=48,88\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(M_{hh}=4.10=40\left(g/mol\right)\)
Gọi \(n_{NO_2}=a\left(mol\right)\)
`=>` \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{hh}=18+46a\left(g\right)\\n_{hh}=0,5+0,1+a=0,6+a\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
`=>` \(M_{hh}=\dfrac{m_{hh}}{n_{hh}}=\dfrac{18+46a}{0,6+a}=40\)
`=> a = 1`
`=> V_{NO_2(đktc)} = 1.22,4 = 22,4 (l)`
\(a.\)
\(GS:\)
\(n_{hh}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{N_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CO_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=1\left(1\right)\)
\(m_A=28a+44b=18\cdot2=36\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):\)
\(a=b=0.5\)
\(\%m_{N_2}=\dfrac{0.5\cdot28}{0.5\cdot28+0.5\cdot44}\cdot100\%=38.89\%\)
\(\%m_{CO_2}=61.11\%\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{n_{N_2}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=\dfrac{1}{1}\)
\(n_{N_2}=n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_A=\dfrac{0.2}{2}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{CO_2}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{0.1\cdot28+0.1\cdot44+44x}{0.2+x}=20\cdot2=40\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0.2\)
\(m_{CO_2\left(cầnthêm\right)}=0.2\cdot44=8.8\left(g\right)\)
Giả sử các khí được đo ở điều kiện sao cho 1 mol khí chiếm thể tích 1 lít
Gọi số mol CH4, C2H6 là a, b (mol)
=> \(a+b=\dfrac{25}{1}=25\left(mol\right)\) (1)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{95}{1}=95\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
a---->2a---------->a
2C2H6 + 7O2 --to--> 4CO2 + 6H2O
b------>3,5b-------->2b
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=95-2a-3,5b\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=a+2b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(95-a-1,5b=\dfrac{60}{1}=60\)
=> a + 1,5b = 35 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 5; b = 20
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{5}{25}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{20}{25}.100\%=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\overline{M}_A=\dfrac{5.16+20.30}{5+20}=27,2\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}_B=20,5.2=41\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/B}=\dfrac{27,2}{41}\approx0,663\)
nO2 = 8/32 = 0,25 (mol)
nCO2 = 6,6/44 = 0,15 (mol)
M(B) = (6,6 + 8)/(0,25 + 0,15) = 292/7 (g/mol)
d(B/CH4) = 292/7 : 16 = 73/28
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