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Bài 1:
a) H = \(x^2-4x+16=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+12=\left(x-2\right)^2+12\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\) => H \(\ge\) 12
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(x=2\)
b) K = \(2x^2+9y^2-6xy-8x-12y+2018\)
= \(\left(x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)+4\left(x-3y\right)+\left(x^2-12x+36\right)+1982\)
= \(\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+4+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\)
= \(\left(x-3y+2\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+1978\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-3y+2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x-6\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) => K \(\ge\) 1978
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2+x}{3}\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(x=6;y=\dfrac{8}{3}\)
Bài 2:
a) P = \(-x^2-4x+16=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+20\)
= \(-\left(x+2\right)^2+20\le20\)
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(x=-2\)
b) \(Q=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-2017\)
= \(-\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-2\left(x-y\right)+2005\right]\)
= \(-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1+3\left(y-2\right)^2+2004\right]\)
= \(-\left[\left(x-y-1\right)^2+3\left(y-2\right)^2\right]-2004\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x-y-1\right)^2\le0\\3\left(y-2\right)^2\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) => Q \(\le-2004\)
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(x=3;y=2\)
Câu 1:
a)A=|x+1|+2016
Vì |x+1|\(\ge\)0
Suy ra:|x+1|+2016\(\ge\)2016
Dấu = xảy ra khi x+1=0
x=-1
Vậy MinA=2016 khi x=-1
b)B=2017-|2x-\(\frac{1}{3}\)|
Vì -|2x-\(\frac{1}{3}\)|\(\le\)0
Suy ra:2017-|2x-\(\frac{1}{3}\)|\(\le\)2017
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(2x-\frac{1}{3}=0\)
\(2x=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(x=\frac{1}{6}\)
Vậy Max B=2017 khi \(x=\frac{1}{6}\)
c)C=|x+1|+|y+2|+2016
Vì |x+1|\(\ge\)0
|y+2|\(\ge\)0
Suy ra:|x+1|+|y+2|+2016\(\ge\)2016
Dấu = xảy ra khi x+1=0;x=-1
y+2=0;y=-2
Vậy MinC=2016 khi x=-1;y=-1
d)D=-|x+\(\frac{1}{2}\)|-|y-1|+10
=10-|x+\(\frac{1}{2}\)|-|y-1|
Vì -|x+\(\frac{1}{2}\)|\(\le\)0
-|y-1| \(\le\)0
Suy ra: 10-|x+\(\frac{1}{2}\)|-|y-1| \(\le\)10
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x+\frac{1}{2}=0;x=-\frac{1}{2}\)
y-1=0;y=1
Vậy Max D=10 khi x=\(-\frac{1}{2}\);y=1
Bài 1:
a)Ta thấy: \(\left|x+1\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+2016\ge0+2016=2016\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge2016\)
Dấu = khi x=-1
Vậy MinA=2016 khi x=-1
b)Ta thấy:\(\left|2x-\frac{1}{3}\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left|2x-\frac{1}{3}\right|\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow2017-\left|2x-\frac{1}{3}\right|\le2017-0=2017\)
\(\Rightarrow B\le2017\)
Dấu = khi x=1/6
Vậy Bmin=2017 khi x=1/6
c)Ta thấy:\(\begin{cases}\left|x+1\right|\\\left|y+2\right|\end{cases}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|y+2\right|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x+1\right|+\left|y+2\right|+2016\ge0+2016=2016\)
\(\Rightarrow D\ge2016\)
Dấu = khi x=-1 và y=-2
Vậy MinD=2016 khi x=-1 và y=-2
d)Ta thấy:\(\begin{cases}-\left|x+\frac{1}{2}\right|\\-\left|y-1\right|\end{cases}\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left|x+\frac{1}{2}\right|-\left|y-1\right|\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left|x+\frac{1}{2}\right|-\left|y-1\right|+10\le0+10=10\)
\(\Rightarrow D\le10\)
Dấu = khi x=-1/2 và y=1
Vậy MaxD=10 khi x=-1/2 và y=1
a) H=x2 - 4x +16
<=> H=x2 -4x + 4 + 12
<=> H=(x-2)2 +12 \(\ge12\)
Vậy Min H = 12
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=2
\(K=x^2-6xy+9y^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+4+x^2-12x+36+1978\)
\(K=\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+2^2+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\)
\(K=\left(x-3y+2\right)^2+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\ge1978\)
Vậy Min K =1978
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y+2=0\\x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{8}{3}\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có : E = (x - 1) (x + 2)(x + 3)(x + 6)
=> E = [(x - 1)(x + 6)][(x + 2)(x + 3)]
=> E = (x2 + 5x - 6)(x2 + 5x + 6)
=> E = (x2 + 5x)2 - 62
=> E = (x2 + 5x)2 - 36
Mà : (x2 + 5x)2 \(\ge0\forall x\)
Nên : (x2 + 5x)2 - 36 \(\ge-36\forall x\)
Vậy GTNN của biểu thức là 36 tại x2 + 5x = 0 => x(x + 5) = 0 => x = 0 ; -5
a)\(P=-x^2-4x+16\)
\(=-x^2-4x-4-12\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-12\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2-12\le-12\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=-2\)
b)\(-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-2017\)
\(=\left(-x^2+2xy-y^2+2x-2y-1\right)+\left(-3y^2+12y-12\right)-2004\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-2x+2y+1\right)-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-2004\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1\right]-3\left(y-2\right)^2-2004\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2-2004\le-2004\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(M=2x^2-16x+32+9y^2-12y+4+1981\)
\(=2\left(x-4\right)^2+\left(3y-2\right)^2+1981\ge1981\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=4 và y=2/3