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Bài 1:
a) H = \(x^2-4x+16=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+12=\left(x-2\right)^2+12\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\) => H \(\ge\) 12
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(x=2\)
b) K = \(2x^2+9y^2-6xy-8x-12y+2018\)
= \(\left(x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)+4\left(x-3y\right)+\left(x^2-12x+36\right)+1982\)
= \(\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+4+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\)
= \(\left(x-3y+2\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+1978\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-3y+2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x-6\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) => K \(\ge\) 1978
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2+x}{3}\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(x=6;y=\dfrac{8}{3}\)
Bài 2:
a) P = \(-x^2-4x+16=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+20\)
= \(-\left(x+2\right)^2+20\le20\)
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(x=-2\)
b) \(Q=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-2017\)
= \(-\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-2\left(x-y\right)+2005\right]\)
= \(-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1+3\left(y-2\right)^2+2004\right]\)
= \(-\left[\left(x-y-1\right)^2+3\left(y-2\right)^2\right]-2004\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x-y-1\right)^2\le0\\3\left(y-2\right)^2\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) => Q \(\le-2004\)
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(x=3;y=2\)
a) Ta có: \(M+\left(5x^2-2xy\right)=6x^2+9xy-y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=6x^2+9xy-y^2-5x^2+2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=x^2+11xy-y^2\)
Vậy: \(M=x^2+11xy-y^2\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(3xy-4y^2\right)-N=x^2-7xy+8y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=3xy-4y^2-x^2+7xy-8y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=-x^2+10xy-12y^2\)
Vậy: \(N=-x^2+10xy-12y^2\)
a, (6x2+9xy-y2) - ( 5x2-2xy)=M
=> M= (6x2+9xy-y2) - ( 5x2-2xy)
=> M= 6x2+9xy-y2 - 5x2+2xy
=> M=(6x2- 5x2)+(9xy+2xy)-y2
=>M= 1x2 + 11xy - y2
Vậy M= 1x2 + 11xy - y2
b, N= (3xy-4y2) - (x2-7xy+8y2)
=> N= 3xy-4y2 - x2+7xy-8y2
=> N= (3xy+7xy)-(4y2+8y2)-x2
=> N= 10xy - 12y2 -x2
Vậy N= 10xy - 12y2 -x2
a: Ta có: \(M+5x^2-2xy=6x^2+9xy-y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=6x^2+9xy-y^2-5x^2+2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M=x^2+11xy-y^2\)
b: Ta có: \(\left(3xy-4y^2\right)-N=x^2-7xy+8y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=3xy-4y^2-x^2+7xy-8y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=-x^2+10xy-12y^2\)
P - Q + R =(2x2 - 3xy + 4y2) - (3x2 + 4xy -y2) + (x2 +2xy +3y2)
= 2x2 - 3xy + 4y2 - 3x2 - 4xy + y2 + x2 + 2xy + 3y2
=(2x2 - 3x2 + x2) + ( -3xy - 4xy +2xy) + (4y2 + y2 +3y2)
= -5xy + 8y2
Vậy P - Q + R = - 5xy + 8y2
Bài 5:
\(P-Q+R=\) \(\left(2x^2-3xy+4y^2\right)-\left(3x^2+4xy-y^2\right)+\left(x^2+xy+3y^2\right)\)
\(P-Q+R=\) \(2x^2-3xy+4y^2-3x^2-4xy+y^2+x^2+xy+3y^2\)
\(P-Q-R=\) \(\left(2x^2-3x^2+x^2\right)+\left(-3xy-4xy+2xy\right)+\left(4y^2+y^2+2y^2\right)\)
\(P-Q-R=\) \(0-5xy+7y^2\)
Vậy \(P-Q-R=\) \(-5xy+7y^2\)
`a,`
`f(x)=x^2+4x+10`
\(\text{Vì }\)\(x^2\ge0\left(\forall x\right)\)
`->`\(x^2+4x+10\ge10>0\left(\forall\text{ x}\right)\)
`->` Đa thức không có nghiệm (vô nghiệm).
`c,`
`f(x)=5x^4+x^2+` gì nữa bạn nhỉ? Mình đặt vd là 1 đi nha :v.
Vì \(x^4\ge0\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\rightarrow5x^4\ge0\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\)
\(x^2\ge0\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\)
`->`\(5x^4+x^2+1\ge1>0\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\)
`->` Đa thức vô nghiệm.
`b,`
`g(x)=x^2-2x+2017`
Vì \(x^2\ge0\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\)
`->`\(x^2-2x+2017\ge2017\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\)
`->` Đa thức vô nghiệm.
`d,`
`g(x)=4x^2004+x^2018+1`
Vì \(x^{2004}\ge0\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\rightarrow4x^{2004}\ge0\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\)
\(x^{2018}\ge0\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\)
`->`\(4x^{2004}+x^{2018}+1\ge1>0\text{ }\forall\text{ }x\)
`->` Đa thức vô nghiệm.
\(B=x^2+4y+4y^2+8x+42=\left(x^2+8x+16\right)+\left(4y^2+4y+1\right)+25=\left(x+4\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+25\ge25\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x = -4; y = -1/2
\(B=x^2+4y+4y^2+8x+42\)
\(B=x^2+8x+16+4y^2+4y+1+25\)
\(B=\left(x+4\right)^2\left(2y+1\right)^2+25\)
GTNN của B là 25
xảy ra khi (x+4)2=0 hoặc (2y+1)2=0
x+4=0 hoặc 2y+1=0
x=-4 hoặc 2y=-1
x= -4 hoặc y=-1/2
a)\(P=-x^2-4x+16\)
\(=-x^2-4x-4-12\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-12\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2-12\le-12\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=-2\)
b)\(-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-2017\)
\(=\left(-x^2+2xy-y^2+2x-2y-1\right)+\left(-3y^2+12y-12\right)-2004\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-2x+2y+1\right)-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-2004\)
\(=-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1\right]-3\left(y-2\right)^2-2004\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2-2004\le-2004\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)