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\(A=\left(x+3\right)^2+2\ge2\\ A_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow x=-3\\ B=\left(x^2+3x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{29}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{29}{4}\ge-\dfrac{29}{4}\\ B_{min}=-\dfrac{29}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\ C=\left(9x^2-12x+4\right)+2017=\left(3x-2\right)^2+2017\ge2017\\ C_{min}=2017\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(a,\\ A=25x^2-10x+11\\ =\left(5x\right)^2-2.5x.1+1^2+10\\ =\left(5x+1\right)^2+10\ge10\forall x\in R\\ Vậy:min_A=10.khi.5x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{5}\\ B=\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(11-x\right)^2\\ =\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+\left(121-22x+x^2\right)\\ =x^2+x^2-6x-22x+9+121=2x^2-28x+130\\ =2\left(x^2-14x+49\right)+32\\ =2\left(x-7\right)^2+32\\ Vì:2\left(x-7\right)^2\ge0\forall x\in R\\ Nên:2\left(x-7\right)^2+32\ge32\forall x\in R\\ Vậy:min_B=32.khi.\left(x-7\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=7\\Tương.tự.cho.biểu.thức.C\)
b:
\(D=-25x^2+10x-1-10\)
\(=-\left(25x^2-10x+1\right)-10\)
\(=-\left(5x-1\right)^2-10< =-10\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1/5
\(E=-9x^2-6x-1+20\)
\(=-\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)+20\)
\(=-\left(3x+1\right)^2+20< =20\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-1/3
\(F=-x^2+2x-1+1\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1=-\left(x-1\right)^2+1< =1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1
B=\(4x^2-4x+1+x^2+4x+4=5x^2+5\)
\(=5\left(x^2+1\right)\)
vì\(x^2+1\ge1\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B\ge5\forall x\)
dấu'=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
vậy B đạt GTNN =5 khi x=0
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-3x+5\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy: Giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức \(A=x^2-3x+5\) là \(\dfrac{11}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(A=\left(x^2+2\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}x+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)-\dfrac{5}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{5}{4}\ge-\dfrac{5}{4}\\ A_{min}=-\dfrac{5}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\ B=\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+6x+9\right)+3\\ B=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2+3\ge3\\ B_{min}=3\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ C=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+1=-\left(x-1\right)^2+1\le1\\ C_{max}=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(B_{min}=1\) khi (x,y)=(-1;2)
c) Ta có: \(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\forall x,y\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(C_{min}=-7\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2x^2+x=2\left(x^2+\dfrac{1}{2}x\right)=2\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{16}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{1}{16}\right]\ge-\dfrac{1}{8}\) dấu"=' xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(B=x^2+2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(=x^2+2x+1+y^2-4y+4+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\)
\(\ge1\) dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=-1;y=2
\(C=4x^2+4x+9y^2-6y-5\)
\(=4x^2+4x+1+9y^2-6y+1-7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+\left(3y-1\right)^2-7\ge-7\)
dấu"=" xảy ra<=>x=\(-\dfrac{1}{2},y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(D=\left(2+x\right)\left(x+4\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
=\(x^2+6x+8-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-1-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^2\left(2-x\right)-1\ge-1\)
dấu"=" xảy ra\(< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Z
Trả lời:
a, \(x^2-6x+11=x^2-6x+9+2=\left(x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x - 3 = 0 <=> x = 3
Vậy GTNN của biểu thức bằng 2 khi x = 3
b, \(-x^2+6x-11=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)=-\left(x^2-6x+9+2\right)=-\left[\left(x-3\right)^2+2\right]\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2\le-2\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x - 3 = 0 <=> x = 3
Vậy GTLN của biểu thức bằng - 2 khi x = 3
c, \(x^2+2x+2=x^2+2x+1+1=\left(x+1\right)^2+1\ge1>0\forall x\inℤ\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x + 1 = 0 <=> x = - 1
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-3x+5\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{11}{4}\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
b: Ta có: \(B=\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(=4x^2-4x+1+x^2+4x+4\)
\(=5x^2+5\ge5\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=0
Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(A=25x^2-20x+7\)
\(=\left(5x\right)^2-2\cdot5x\cdot2+4+3\)
\(=\left(5x-2\right)^2+3>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
d) Ta có: \(D=x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+1\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+1>0\forall x\)(đpcm)
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(A=x^2-2x+5\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+4\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1
b) Ta có: \(B=x^2-x+1\)
\(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
