Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each...

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Endangered species

There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world.

Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self-interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us.

Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for Nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called “deep ecology,” the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.

The author mentioned all of the following as justifications for the protection of endangered species EXCEPT _______.

A. the natural compounds needed for medicines

B. the intrinsic value of the beauty of nature

C. the control of pollution in the biosphere

D. the right to life implied by their existence

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

17 tháng 9 2019

Đáp án C.

Keywords: justification, protection, endangered species, EXCEPT.

Clue:

1. “important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure” (lý luận của trường phái sinh thái học).

2. many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty” (lý luận thẩm mĩ học).

3. all species have the right to exist” (lý luận về đạo đức).

Phân tích:

A. The natural compounds needed for medicines: Các hợp chất tự nhiên cần thiết cho thuốc. (xem clue 1)

B. The intrinsic value of the beauty of nature: Giá trị thực chất của vẻ đẹp của tự nhiên. (xem clue 2)

C. The control of pollution in the biosphere: Kiểm soát ô nhiễm trong sinh quyển. (không có thông tin trong bài)

D. The right to life implied by their existence: Quyền sống được ngụ ý bởi sự tồn tại của chúng. (xem clue 3)

Ngoài đáp án C ra các đáp án khác đều được nêu trong bài đọc để lập luận cho việc bảo vệ các loài sinh vật đang bị đe doạ.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. ENDANGERED SPECIES There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. An aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

6 tháng 4 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

ENDANGERED SPECIES

There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. An aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture, attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world.

Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self-interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us.

Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called “deep ecology,” the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.

The author mentions all of the following as justifications for the protection of endangered species EXCEPT ___________.

A. the natural compounds needed for medicines

B. the intrinsic value of the beauty of nature

C. the control of pollution in the biosphere

D. the right to life implied by their existence

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

6 tháng 4 2017

Chọn C.

Đáp án C.

Dịch câu hỏi: Tác giả đề cập đến tất cả những điều sau đây như là biện minh cho việc bảo vệ các loài nguy cấp tuyệt chủng NGOẠI TRỪ _________

A. có thể tìm thấy ở đoạn 2.

B. có thể thấy ở dòng 2-3

D. có thể thấy ở dòng 17 “the right to exist”.

Riêng đáp án C “sự kiểm soát ô nhiễm” là điều không được nhắc tới trong toàn bài.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Endangered species There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

20 tháng 7 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Endangered species

There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world.

Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self-interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us.

Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for Nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called "deep ecology," the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.

The author mentioned all of the following as justifications for the protection of endangered species EXCEPT_______.

A. the natural compounds needed for medicines

B. the intrinsic value of the beauty of nature

C. the control of pollution in the biosphere

D. the right to life implied by their existence

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

20 tháng 7 2019

Đáp án C.

Keywords: justifications, protection, endangered species, EXCEPT.

Clue:

1. “important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure” (lý luận của trường phái sinh thái học).

2. many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty” (lý luận thẩm mĩ học).

3. all species have the right to exist” (lý luận về đạo đức).

Phân tích:

A. The natural compounds needed for medicines: Các hợp chất tự nhiên cần thiết cho thuốc. (xem clue 1)

B. The intrinsic value of the beauty of nature: Giá trị thực chất của vẻ đẹp của tự nhiên. (xem clue 2)

C. The control of pollution in the biosphere: Kiểm soát ô nhiễm trong sinh quyển. (không có thông tin trong bài)

D. The right to life implied by their existence: Quyền sống được ngụ ý bởi sự tồn tại của chúng. (xem clue 3)

Ngoài đáp án C ra các đáp án khác đều được nêu trong bài đọc để lập luận cho việc bảo vệ các loài sinh vật đang bị đe dọa.

Kiến thức cần nhớ

intrinsic (adj) /intrinsik/: bản chất, thực chất

>< extrinsic (adj): nằm ở ngoài, ngoại lai

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. ENDANGERED SPECIES There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. An aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

26 tháng 7 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

ENDANGERED SPECIES

There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. An aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture, attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world.

Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self-interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us.

Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called “deep ecology,” the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.

Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?

A. The beauty of the world

B. The quality of life

C. The preservation of species

D. The balance of nature

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

26 tháng 7 2018

Chọn C.

Đáp án C.

Dịch câu hỏi: Điều nào sau đây là chủ đề chính của đoạn văn?

A. Vẻ đẹp của thế giới

B. Chất lượng cuộc sống

C. Bảo tồn các loài

D. Sự cân bằng của thiên nhiên

Để xác định “main topic” của một đoạn văn, ta phải xác định được mỗi đoan văn nhỏ trong bài nói về cái gì => từ đó suy ra mạch suy luận/logic của toàn bài và ý tác giả muốn hướng tới người đọc.

Ở đây, đoạn 1 tác giả nói có “three arguments“ liên quan tới “preservation of endangered species”. Đoạn 2 là một “another argument", và đoan 3 là ý kiến về một argument khác. Như vậy toàn bài là phân tích 3 argument về preservation of endangered species. => đáp án C là chính xác.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Endangered species There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

20 tháng 6 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Endangered species

There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world.

Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self-interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us.

Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for Nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called "deep ecology," the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.

Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?

A. The beauty of the world

B. The quality of life

C. The preservation of species

D. The balance of nature

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

20 tháng 6 2018

Đáp án C.

Keywords: main topic of the passage.

Clue: Câu đầu tiên của đoạn văn: “There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species”: Có 3 vấn đề đang tranh luận để ủng hộ việc bảo tồn các loài động thực vật đang gặp nguy hiểm. Vậy đáp án chính xác là C. The preservation of species: Việc bảo tồn các loài.

Các đáp án còn lại sai:

A. The beauty of the world: Vẻ đẹp của thế giới

B. The quality of life: Chất lượng cuộc sống

D. The balance of nature: Sự cân bằng của thiên nhiên

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Endangered species There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

11 tháng 1 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Endangered species

There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world.

Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self-interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us.

Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for Nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called “deep ecology,” the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.

According to the passage, what do we know from research on global ecosystem?

A. Nature is very diverse.

B. A balance of nature is important

C. Humans have a responsibility to nature

D. Nature represents spiritual values.

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

11 tháng 1 2018

Đáp án B.

Keywords: research on global ecosystems

Clue: “Recent research on global ecosystem has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species”: Những nghiên cứu mới đây về hệ sinh thái toàn cầu đã được viện dẫn để chứng minh rằng mỗi loài sinh vật đều đóng góp một phần quan trọng hoặc thiết yếu có thể liên quan tới sự sống còn của loài người chúng ta.

theo dịch nghĩa như trên thì ta có thể hiểu rằng việc giữ cân bằng cho tự nhiên là rất quan trọng nên đáp án đúng là B. A balance of nature is important. Các đáp án khác đều không phù hợp với câu văn trên.

A. Nature is very diverse: Thiên nhiên rất đa dạng.

C. Humans have a responsibility to nature: Con người có trách nhiệm với thiên nhiên.

D. Nature represents spiritual values: Thiên nhiên thể hiện các giá trị tinh thần.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Endangered species There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

6 tháng 12 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Endangered species

There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. Aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world.

Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self-interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us.

Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for Nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called "deep ecology," the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.

According to the passage, what do we know from research on global ecosystems?

A. Nature is very diverse

B. A balance of nature is important

C. Humans have a responsibility to nature

D. Nature represents spiritual values

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

6 tháng 12 2017

Đáp án B.

Keywords: research on global ecosystems

Clue: “Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species”: Những nghiên cứu mới đây về hệ sinh thái toàn cầu đã được viện dẫn để chứng mình rằng mỗi loài sinh vật đều đóng góp một phần quan trọng hoặc thiết yếu có thể liên quan tới sự sống còn của loài người chúng ta.

Theo dịch nghĩa như trên thì ta có thể hiểu rằng việc giữ cân bằng cho tự nhiên là rất quan trọng nên đáp án đúng là B. A balance of nature is important. Các đáp án khác đều không phù hợp với câu văn trên.

A. Nature is very diverse: Thiên nhiên rất đa dạng.

C. Humans have a responsibility to nature: Con người có trách nhiệm với thiên nhiên.

D. Nature represents spiritual values: Thiên nhiên thể hiện các giá trị tinh thần

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. An aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

13 tháng 11 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. An aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture, attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world.

Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self–interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us.

Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for Nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called "deep ecology", the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.

(Source: Adapted from Reading Practice for the TOEFL)

What does the author mean by the statement in the first paragraph?

"According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world"?

A. The world is experienced by nature in various forms that are equally beautiful

B. People are naturally attracted to beautiful forms father than to different ones

C. An appreciation of the Earth requires that people have an opportunity to enjoy the diversity and beauty of nature

D. Nature is beautiful because it provides varied experiences for people

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

13 tháng 11 2019

Chọn C

Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu

Giải thích:

Tác giả có ý nghĩa gì trong câu nói ở đoạn đầu tiên?

"Theo những người đề xướng lập luận thẩm mỹ, con người cần thiên nhiên trong tất cả các hình thức đa dạng và đẹp đẽ của nó như là một phần trải nghiệm của thế giới."?

A. Thế giới được thiên nhiên trải nghiệm dưới nhiều hình thức đẹp như nhau.

B. Con người một cách rất tự nhiên bị thu hút bởi những hình thức đẹp hơn những thứ khác.

C. Để đánh giá đúng Trái Đất đòi hỏi mọi người phải có cơ hội tận hưởng sự đa dạng và

vẻ đẹp của thiên nhiên.

D. Thiên nhiên rất đẹp vì nó cung cấp những trải nghiệm khác nhau cho con người.

Dịch bài đọc:

Có ba lập luận có căn cứ để ủng hộ việc bảo tồn các loài có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng. Lý lẽ về mặt thẩm mỹ cho rằng đa dạng sinh học góp phần trong chất lượng cuộc sống vì nhiều loài động thực vật có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng được đánh giá cao đặc biệt vì vẻ đẹp tự nhiên độc đáo của chúng. Vai trò thẩm mỹ của thiên nhiên trong tất cả các hình thức đa dạng của nó được thể hiện trong nghệ thuật và văn học của mọi nền văn hóa, đạt được vị thế biểu trưng trong đời sống tinh thần của nhiều nhóm người. Theo những người đề xướng lập luận thẩm mỹ, con người cần thiên nhiên trong tất cả các hình thức đa dạng và đẹp đẽ của nó như là một phần trải nghiệm của thế giới.

Một lập luận khác đã được đưa ra, đặc biệt là bởi các nhóm người trong lĩnh vực y tế và dược, đó là về lợi ích sinh thái. Bằng cách bảo tồn tất cả các loài, chúng ta giữ được sự cân bằng của tự nhiên và cuối cùng đem lại lợi ích cho loài người. Nghiên cứu gần đây về hệ sinh thái toàn cầu được trích dẫn làm bằng chứng cho thấy mọi loài đều đóng góp các chức năng quan trọng hoặc thậm chí là thiết yếu mà có thể cần thiết cho sự sống còn của loài người chúng ta. Một số người đề xướng lập luận sinh thái cho rằng các hợp chất hóa học quan trọng có nguồn gốc từ thực vật quý hiếm có thể chứa thành phần then chốt để chữa một trong những căn bệnh hiện đang đe dọa mạng sống con người. Nếu chúng ta không bảo vệ các loài khác, thì chúng không thể bảo vệ chúng ta.

Ngoài lợi ích cho con người về cả thẩm mỹ và sinh thái, những người đề xướng lý lẽ về mặt đạo đức cho rằng tất cả các loài đều có quyền tồn tại, đó là một quan điểm đã được nêu trong Hiến chương về Tự nhiên của Liên hợp quốc viết năm 1982. Hơn nữa, nếu con người tự xem mình là người quản lý của tất cả các sinh vật trên Trái Đất thì sau đó, con người phải có trách nhiệm bảo vệ chúng và đảm bảo sự tồn tại liên tục của tất cả các loài. Lý lẽ về mặt đạo đức được mở rộng bởi một phong trào gọi là "sinh thái sâu sắc", các thành viên của phong trào xếp hạng sinh quyển cao hơn con người vì sự tiếp tục của cuộc sống phụ thuộc vào tầm nhìn xa hơn này. Để đưa lập luận này đến kết luận hợp lý, tất cả các lựa chọn phải được thực hiện vì sinh quyển, không phải vì con người

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. ENDANGERED SPECIES There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. An aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

28 tháng 12 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

ENDANGERED SPECIES

There are three valid arguments to support the preservation of endangered species. An aesthetic justification contends that biodiversity contributes to the quality of life because many of the endangered plants and animals are particularly appreciated for their unique physical beauty. The aesthetic role of nature in all its diverse forms is reflected in the art and literature of every culture, attaining symbolic status in the spiritual life of many groups. According to the proponents of the aesthetic argument, people need nature in all its diverse and beautiful forms as part of the experience of the world.

Another argument that has been put forward, especially by groups in the medical and pharmacological fields, is that of ecological self-interest. By preserving all species, we retain a balance of nature that is ultimately beneficial to humankind. Recent research on global ecosystems has been cited as evidence that every species contributes important or even essential functions that may be necessary to the survival of our own species. Some advocates of the ecological argument contend that important chemical compounds derived from rare plants may contain the key to a cure for one of the diseases currently threatening human beings. If we do not protect other species, then they cannot protect us.

Apart from human advantage in both the aesthetic and ecological arguments, the proponents of a moral justification contend that all species have the right to exist, a viewpoint stated in the United Nations World Charter for nature, created in 1982. Furthermore, if humankind views itself as the stewards of all the creatures on Earth, then it is incumbent upon human beings to protect them, and to ensure the continued existence of all species. Moral justification has been extended by a movement called “deep ecology,” the members of which rank the biosphere higher than people because the continuation of life depends on this larger perspective. To carry their argument to its logical conclusion, all choices must be made for the biosphere, not for people.

Which of the arguments supports animal rights?

A. Aesthetic justification

B. Ecological argument

C. Self-interest argument

D. Moral justification

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

28 tháng 12 2018

Chọn D.

Đáp án D.

Tìm từ rights/animal rights => thấy ở dòng 17 “moral justification contend that all species have the right...”