Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each...

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50

In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can do. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances.

Many explanations have been advanced for children's superiority: they exploit Motherless (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors oneself- consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have no first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age.

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elisa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese-born students at the University of Illinois who had spent at least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were given a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical errors. The immigrants who came to the United States between the ages of 3 and 7 performed identically to American bom students. Those who arrived between the ages of 8 and 15 did worse the later they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival.

It can be inferred from the passage that "phonology" is the study of the.................. of a language.

A. grammar

B. vocabulary

C. sound system

D. native speakers

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

21 tháng 9 2018

Đáp án C

Giải thích: Có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn rẳng “ngữ âm học” là sự nghiên cứu về __________ của một ngôn ngữ.

A. ngữ pháp;

B. từ vựng;

C. hệ thống âm thanh;

D. người bản địa

“Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent.”

Dich: Hầu hết người lớn không bao giờ hoàn toàn nắm bắt được một ngoại ngữ, đặc biệt về ngữ âm - vì vậy xuất hiện các âm điệu nước ngoài ở mọi nơi.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50 In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

20 tháng 6 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50

In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can do. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances.

Many explanations have been advanced for children's superiority: they exploit Motherless (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors oneself- consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have no first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age.

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elisa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese-born students at the University of Illinois who had spent at least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were given a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical errors. The immigrants who came to the United States between the ages of 3 and 7 performed identically to American bom students. Those who arrived between the ages of 8 and 15 did worse the later they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival.

According to the second paragraph, children learn languages better than adults because of the following reasons EXCEPT.................

A. They repeat after their parents

B. They have had no languages

C. They don't love talking

D. They don't have a fixed method

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

20 tháng 6 2017

Đáp án C

Giải thích: Theo như đoạn văn thứ hai, trẻ con học ngôn ngữ nhanh hơn người lớn vì những lí do sau NGOẠI TRỪ _____________.

A. Chúng nói theo bố mẹ

B. Chúng không có ngôn ngữ

C. Chúng không thích nói

D. Chúng không có một phương pháp cố định

“Many explanations have been advanced for children's superiority: they exploit Motherless (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors oneself-consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have no first language to interfere.” But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works.

Dich: Nhiều lời giải thích đã được đưa ra về khả năng vượt trội trong việc học ngôn ngữ của trẻ: chúng khai thác tiếng mẹ đẻ (qua những cuộc đối thoại đơn giản, lặp đi lặp lại giữa bố mẹ và con cái), mắc lỗi một cách vô thức, được khích lệ giao tiếp, muốn bắt chước, không bị gò bó theo cách của chúng, và không bị cản trở bởi ngôn ngữ đầu tiên. Nhưng một vài lời giải thích này có vẻ như không dựa trên cái mà mọi người biết về cách mà lĩnh hội một ngôn ngữ

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50 In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

16 tháng 6 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50

In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can do. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances.

Many explanations have been advanced for children's superiority: they exploit Motherless (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors oneself- consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have no first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age.

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elisa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese-born students at the University of Illinois who had spent at least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were given a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical errors. The immigrants who came to the United States between the ages of 3 and 7 performed identically to American bom students. Those who arrived between the ages of 8 and 15 did worse the later they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival.

According to the first paragraph, what is TRUE about adults' learning another language?

A. Many of them can really master it.

B. Their accent is similar to that of native speakers.

C. Their errors in language use are short-term.

D. Their learning is affected by many factors.

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

16 tháng 6 2017

Đáp án D

Giải thích: Theo như đoạn văn đầu, điều nào đúng về việc người lớn học ngôn ngữ mới?

A. Nhiều người trong số họ thực sự có thể nắm vững được nó.

B. Giọng của họ giống giọng người bản địa.

C. Những lỗi sai trong việc sử dụng ngôn ngữ của họ chỉ trong thời gian ngắn.
D. Việc học ngoại ngữ của họ bị ảnh hưởng bởi nhiều yếu tố.

Dịch đoạn 1: Trong việc nghiên cứu về ngôn ngữ trong đời sống hàng ngày, rõ ràng là việc học ngôn ngữ thứ hai ở độ tuổi trưởng thành khó hơn nhiều so với việc học ngôn ngữ đầu tiên khi còn thơ ấu. Hầu hết mọi người lớn đều không nắm bắt được hoàn toàn ngoại ngữ đó, đặc biệt về ngữ âm - vì vậy xuất hiện âm điệu nước ngoài ở mọi nơi. Sự phát triển của họ thường bị “hóa thạch” trở thành những hệ thống lỗi cố định mà không việc dạy hay sửa chữa nào có thể sửa được. Tất nhiên, cũng có những sự khác biệt giữa các cá thể, mà nó phụ thuộc nhiều vào sự nỗ lực, thái độ, mức độ thực hành, chất lượng của việc dạy học và tài năng có sẵn, nhưng dường như vẫn có một sự hạn chế cho dù với những học sinh giỏi nhất trong những hoàn cảnh tốt nhất.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50 In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

6 tháng 3 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50

In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can do. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances.

Many explanations have been advanced for children's superiority: they exploit Motherless (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors oneself- consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have no first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age.

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elisa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese-born students at the University of Illinois who had spent at least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were given a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical errors. The immigrants who came to the United States between the ages of 3 and 7 performed identically to American bom students. Those who arrived between the ages of 8 and 15 did worse the later they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival.

Which of the following is TRUE about the research mentioned in the passage?

A. The participants spoke English as their first language.

B. The participants had just started living in the United States.

C. It was done by a group of people.

D. All items in the test were erroneous.

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

6 tháng 3 2017

Đáp án C

Giải thích: Điều nào sau đây là đúng về bài nghiên cứu được đề cập đến trong đoạn văn?

A. Những người tham gia nói tiếng Anh như tiếng mẹ đẻ.

B. Những người tham gia đã bắt đầu sống ở Mĩ.

C. Nó được thực hiện bởi một nhóm người.

D. Mọi mục trong bài kiểm tra đều bị sai sót.

Dịch đoạn 3: Những bằng chứng có hệ thống bắt nguồn từ nhà tâm lí học Elisa Newport và đồng nghiệp của bà. Họ đã thử nghiệm trên những học sinh được sinh ra ở Trung Quốc và Hàn Quốc của trường đại học Illinois, những học sinh mà đã sống ở Mĩ ít nhất 10 năm. Những người nhập cư này được đưa một danh sách gồm 276 câu hỏi tiếng Anh đơn giản, một nửa trong số chúng có vài lỗi ngữ pháp. Những người nhập cư này đến Mĩ ở độ tuổi 3-7 thể hiện giống như những học sinh được sinh ra ở Mĩ. Những người đến ở độ tuổi 8 - 15 làm tệ hơn vì họ đến sau, và những người đến ở độ tuổi 17-39 làm tệ nhất, và thể hiện sự khác biệt lớn không liên quan đến độ tuổi nhập cư của họ.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50 In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

18 tháng 1 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50

In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can do. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances.

Many explanations have been advanced for children's superiority: they exploit Motherless (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors oneself- consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have no first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age.

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elisa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese-born students at the University of Illinois who had spent at least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were given a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical errors. The immigrants who came to the United States between the ages of 3 and 7 performed identically to American bom students. Those who arrived between the ages of 8 and 15 did worse the later they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival.

The passage is mainly about...................

A. how adults are different from children in learning languages

B. how language acquisition works among children

C. how the age factor is related to language learning

D. how research into language rules was done

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

18 tháng 1 2017

Đáp án C

Giải thích: Đoạn văn chủ yếu nói về _______________

A. người lớn khác với trẻ em trong việc học ngôn ngữ như thế nào

B. việc học được ngôn ngữ diễn ra như thế nào giữa bọn trẻ

C. nhân tố tuổi tác có liên quan thế nào đến việc học ngôn ngữ

D. nghiên cứu về các quy tắc ngôn ngữ được thực hiện như thế nào

Thông tin:

+ “it is apparent that it is much more difficult to leam a second language in adulthood than a fírst language in childhood.” (đoạn 1)

+ “Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age.” (đoạn 2)
Dịch: Rõ ràng rằng sẽ khó hơn để học ngôn ngữ thứ hai khi ở tuổi trưởng thành so với ngôn ngữ đầu tiên khi thơ ấu.

Không tính đến các yếu tố khác, một yếu tố chính nổi bật lên đó hoàn toàn là do tuổi tác.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50 In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

21 tháng 9 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50

In the exploration of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master foreign language, especially in phonology - hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often "fossilizes" into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can do. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances.

Many explanations have been advanced for children's superiority: they exploit Motherless (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors oneself- consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have no first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age.

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elisa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese-born students at the University of Illinois who had spent at least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were given a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical errors. The immigrants who came to the United States between the ages of 3 and 7 performed identically to American bom students. Those who arrived between the ages of 8 and 15 did worse the later they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival.

What does the word "Those'' in the last paragraph refer to?

A. Korean and Chinese-born students

B. American-born students

C. different age groups

D. English sentences

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

21 tháng 9 2017

Đáp án A

Giải thích: Từ “those” trong đoạn cuối thay thế cho _____________

A. Những học sinh được sinh ra ở Trung Quốc và Hàn Quốc

B. Những học sinh được sinh ra ở Mĩ

C. những nhóm tuổi khác nhau

D. các câu tiếng Anh

“The immigrants who came to the United States between the ages of 3 and 7 performed identically to American born students. Those who arrived between the ages of 8 and 15 did worse the later they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all”

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on our answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions In the explosion of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master a foreign language, especially in Phonology – hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often “fossilizes” into permanent error patterns that...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

6 tháng 4 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on our answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

In the explosion of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master a foreign language, especially in Phonology – hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often “fossilizes” into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can undo. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances

Many explanations have been advanced for children’s superiority; they exploit Motherese (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors unself-consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have not first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elissa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese – born students at the University of Illinois who had spent a least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were give a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical error. The immigrants who came to the United States between the age of 3 and 7 performed identically to American – born students. Those who arrived between ages 8 and 15 did worse the latter they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival

From the passage, it can be inferred that “Phonology” is the study of ____

A. he grammar of language

B. the rules of a language

C. the vocabulary of a language

D. the sound system of a language

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

6 tháng 4 2017

Đáp án D

Theo đoạn văn, có thể được suy ra rằng: “Âm vị học” là nghiên cứu của_____

Đáp án B – hệ thống âm của một ngôn ngữ

Dẫn chứng –Câu 2 – Đoạn 1: “Most adults never completely master a foreign language, especially in Phonology – hence the ubiquitous foreign accent.”

Tạm dịch: Hầu hết người lớn không bao giờ nắm vững ngoại ngữ 1 cách hoàn toàn – đặc biệt trong âm vị học - vì lí do đó âm ngoại ngữ thường gặp.”

Các đáp án khác

A – ngữ pháp của 1 ngôn ngữ

B – các quy tắc của 1 ngôn ngữ

C – từ vựng của 1 ngôn ngữ

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on our answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions In the explosion of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master a foreign language, especially in Phonology – hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often “fossilizes” into permanent error patterns that...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

6 tháng 9 2018

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on our answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

In the explosion of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master a foreign language, especially in Phonology – hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often “fossilizes” into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can undo. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances

Many explanations have been advanced for children’s superiority; they exploit Motherese (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors unself-consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have not first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elissa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese – born students at the University of Illinois who had spent a least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were give a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical error. The immigrants who came to the United States between the age of 3 and 7 performed identically to American – born students. Those who arrived between ages 8 and 15 did worse the latter they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival

According to the passage, young children learn languages quickly for all of the following reasons EXCEPT __________

A. they make many mistakes

B. they want to talk

C. their approach is flexible

D. they frequently repeat words

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

6 tháng 9 2018

Đáp án A

Theo đoạn văn, trẻ con học ngôn ngữ 1 cách nhanh chóng vì các lí do sau, ngoại trừ________

Đáp án A – chúng mắc nhiều lỗi

Dẫn chứng – Câu 1 - Đoạn 2: “Many explanations have been advanced for children’s superiority; they exploit Motherese (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors unself-consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, ….”

Tạm dịch: Có nhiều sự giải thích đã được đưa ra cho sự ưu việt của trẻ con; chúng khai tác tiếng mẹ đẻ (sự giản đơn hóa, nhắc lại các cuộc hội thoại giữa bố mẹ và trẻ), mắc lỗi không tư ý thức, đã thúc đẩy chúng hơn để giao tiếp, thích làm theo, không được sắp đặt theo cách của chúng ………

Các đáp án khác

B – chúng muốn nói

C – các tiếp cân của chúng là linh hoạt

D – chúng thường nhắc đi nhắc lại các từ nhiều lần

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on our answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions In the explosion of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master a foreign language, especially in Phonology – hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often “fossilizes” into permanent error patterns that...

LQ

Lê Quỳnh Anh

31 tháng 8 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on our answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions

In the explosion of the linguistic life cycle, it is apparent that it is much more difficult to learn a second language in adulthood than a first language in childhood. Most adults never completely master a foreign language, especially in Phonology – hence the ubiquitous foreign accent. Their development often “fossilizes” into permanent error patterns that no teaching or correction can undo. Of course, there are great individual differences, which depend on effort, attitudes, amount of exposure, quality of teaching and plain talent, but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances

Many explanations have been advanced for children’s superiority; they exploit Motherese (the simplified, repetitive conversation between parents and children), make errors unself-consciously, are more motivated to communicate, like to conform, are not set in their ways, and have not first language to interfere. But some of these accounts are unlikely, based on what is known about how language acquisition works. Recent evidence is calling these social and motivation explanations into doubt. Holding every other factor constant, a key factor stands out: sheer age

Systematic evidence comes from the psychologist Elissa Newport and her colleagues. They tested Korean and Chinese – born students at the University of Illinois who had spent a least ten years in the United States. The immigrants were give a list of 276 simple English sentences, half of them containing some grammatical error. The immigrants who came to the United States between the age of 3 and 7 performed identically to American – born students. Those who arrived between ages 8 and 15 did worse the latter they arrived, and those who arrived between 17 and 39 did the worst of all, and showed huge variability unrelated to their age of arrival

The word “cap” in paragraph 1 is closet in meaning to _____

A. prize

B. limit

C. covering

D. level

1

DH

Dương Hoàn Anh

31 tháng 8 2019

Đáp án B

Từ “cap” trong đoạn 1 có nghĩa gần nhất_____________

“…but there seems to be a cap for the best adults in the best circumstances”

Tạm dịch: …nhưng dường như có giới hạn cho những người lớn giỏi nhất trong hoàn cảnh tốt nhất.”

A – giải thưởng

B – giới hạn - Đáp án B – đáp án đồng nghĩa

C – sự bao phủ

D – trình độ