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\(a,BaCl_2\\ b,Fe_2O_3\\ c,Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\\ d,MgCO_3\)
a) BaO: 153 đvC
b) Al2O3: 102 đvC
c) P2O5: 142 đvC
d) HNO3: 63 đvC
e) Fe2(SO4)3: 400 đvC
f) Na3PO4: 164 đvC
g) Mg(OH)2: 58 đvC
h) K2CO3: 138 đvC
a)\(BaO\Rightarrow PTK=137+16=153\left(đvC\right)\)
b)\(Al_2O_3\Rightarrow PTK=2\cdot27+3\cdot16=102\left(đvC\right)\)
c)\(P_2O_5\Rightarrow PTK=2\cdot31+5\cdot16=142\left(đvC\right)\)
d)\(HNO_3\Rightarrow PTK=1+14+3\cdot16=63\left(đvC\right)\)
f)\(Na_3PO_4\Rightarrow PTK=3\cdot23+31+4\cdot16=164\left(đvC\right)\)
e)\(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\Rightarrow PTK=2\cdot56+3\cdot32+12\cdot16=400\left(đvC\right)\)
g)\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\Rightarrow PTK=24+2\cdot16+2=58\left(đvC\right)\)
h)\(K_2CO_3\Rightarrow PTK=2\cdot39+12+3\cdot16=138\left(đvC\right)\)
a) K2O
\(\%mK=\dfrac{2.39}{2.39+16}.100\approx82,979\%\\ \rightarrow\%mO\approx17,021\%\)
b) Mg(OH)2
\(\%mMg=\dfrac{24}{24+2.\left(16+1\right)}.100\approx41,38\%\\ \%mO=\dfrac{16.2}{24+2.\left(16+1\right)}.100\approx55,17\%\\ \rightarrow\%mH=\dfrac{2.1}{24+2.\left(16+1\right)}.100\approx3,45\%\)
c) Al2(SO4)3
\(\%mAl=\dfrac{27.2}{27.2+3.\left(32+4.16\right)}.100\approx15,79\%\\\%mS=\dfrac{3.32}{27.2+3.\left(32+4.16\right)}.100\approx28,07\%\\ \rightarrow\%mO\approx56,14\% \)
d) Na2CO3
\(\%mNa=\dfrac{2.23}{2.23+12+3.16}.100\approx43,40\%\\ \%mC=\dfrac{12}{2.23+12+3.16}.100\approx11,32\%\\ \rightarrow\%mO=\dfrac{3.16}{2.23+12+3.16}.100\approx45,28\%\)
\(1,\) CT chung: \(N_x^{IV}O_y^{II}\)
\(\Rightarrow IV\cdot x=II\cdot y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=1;y=2\\ \Rightarrow NO_2\)
\(2,\) CT chung: \(K_x^I\left(CO_3\right)_y^{II}\)
\(\Rightarrow I\cdot x=II\cdot y\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=2\Rightarrow x=2;y=1\\ \Rightarrow K_2CO_3\)
a. CT chung: \(Al_x^{III}O_y^{II}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\cdot III=y\cdot II\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Rightarrow x=2;y=3\\ \Rightarrow Al_2O_3\)
*Ý nghĩa: HC đc tạo bởi nguyên tố Al và O, trong 1 phân tử HC có 2 nguyên tử Al và 3 nguyên tử O, \(PTK_{Al_2O_3}=27\cdot2+16\cdot3=102\left(đvC\right)\)
Mấy câu khác bạn nêu ý nghĩa tương tự thôi
b. CT chung: \(Fe_x^{III}Cl_y^I\)
\(\Rightarrow x\cdot III=y\cdot I\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow x=1;y=3\\ \Rightarrow FeCl_3\)
c. CT chung: \(C_x^{IV}S_y^{II}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\cdot IV=y\cdot II\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=1;y=2\\ \Rightarrow CS_2\)
d. CT chung: \(Cu_x^{II}\left(NO_3\right)_y^I\)
\(\Rightarrow x\cdot II=y\cdot I\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=1;y=2\\ \Rightarrow Cy\left(NO_3\right)_2\)
CTHH lần lượt là :
Al2O3
PH3 , CH4
CS2
MgO , SiO2 , SiO3 , FeO , Fe2O3
CuNO3 , Cu(NO3)2
FeSO4 , Fe2(SO4)3 , Na2SO4
Pb2(PO4)3
Sn(OH)2 , Sn(OH)4
a)CTHH: CxOy
\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{II}{IV}=\dfrac{2}{4}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
=> CTHH: CO2
b) CTHH: Alx(SO4)y
\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{II}{III}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
=> CTHH: Al2(SO4)3
c) CTHH: Mgx(CO3)y
\(\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{II}{II}=\dfrac{2}{2}\)
=> CTHH: Mg(CO3)
CO2
Al2(SO4)3
MgCO3