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a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200.14,6\%}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,8}{6}\) => Al hết, HCl dư
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2-->0,6---->0,2----->0,3
=> VH2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,8-0,6\right).36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> mchất tan = 26,7 + 7,3 = 34 (g)
c) mdd sau pư = 5,4 + 200 - 0,3.2 = 204,8 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{26,7}{204,8}.100\%=13,04\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7,3}{204,8}.100\%=3,56\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72L\\ m_{AlCl_3}=133,5.0,2=26,7g\\ m_{\text{dd}}=5,4+200-\left(0,3.2\right)=204,8g\\ C\%=\dfrac{26,7}{204,8}.100\%=13\%\)
a) $2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
b) n Al = 8,1/27 = 0,3(mol)
Theo PTHH :
n H2 = 3/2 n Al = 0,45(mol)
V H2 = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)
c) n AlCl3 = n Al = 0,3(mol)
m AlCl3 = 0,3.133,5 = 40,05(gam)
d) n HCl = 3n Al = 0,9(mol)
m dd HCl = 0,9.36,5/7,3% = 450(gam)
Sau phản ứng :
m dd = 8,1 + 450 -0,45.2 = 457,2(gam)
C% AlCl3 = 40,05/457,2 .100% = 8,76%
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15mol\)
a)\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,15 0,3 0,15 0,15
\(V_{H_2}=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36l\)
b)\(m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3g\)
\(BTKL:m_{ddFeCl_2}=8,4+100-0,3=108,1g\)
\(m_{ctFeCl_2}=0,15\cdot127=19,05g\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{m_{ctFeCl_2}}{m_{ddFeCl_2}}\cdot100\%=\dfrac{19,05}{108,1}\cdot100\%=17,62\%\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{6,75}{27}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,25 0,75 0,25 0,375
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,375.22,4=8,4\left(l\right)\)
\(b,m_{HCl}=0,75.36,5=27,375\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{27,375.100}{10,95}=250\left(g\right)\)
\(c,m_{AlCl_3}=0,25.133,5=33,375\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddAlCl_3}=6,75+250-\left(0,375.2\right)=256\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{33,375}{256}.100\%\approx13,04\left(\%\right)\)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)
d, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
⇒ m dd sau pư = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%\approx12,79\%\)
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,45\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 8,1 + 200 - 0,45.2 = 207,2 (g)
Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,3.133,5}{207,2}.100\%\approx19,33\%\)