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a)
$n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,45(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,45.98}{12,25\%} = 360(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$
c)
$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8,1 + 360 - 0,45.2 = 367,2(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,15.342}{367,2}.100\% = 14\%$
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
Mol: 0,025 0,075 0,025
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,075.98.100}{9,8}=75\left(g\right)\)
mdd sau pứ = 4 + 75 = 79 (g)
\(C\%_{ddFe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,025.400.100\%}{79}=12,66\%\)
a,\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,1.100=10\left(g\right)\)
b,\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5.100\%}{150}=4,87\%\)
c,mdd sau pứ= 10+150-0,1.44 = 151,2 (g)
\(C\%_{ddCaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.111.100\%}{151,2}=7,34\%\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,15 0 ,05 0,15
a)\(V=0,15\cdot22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b)\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,15\cdot98=14,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,7}{9,8}\cdot100=150\left(g\right)\)
c) \(m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsau}=2,7+150-0,3=152,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05\cdot342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{17,1}{152,4}\cdot100=11,22\%\)
\(a,PTHH:CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\\ n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CuSO_4}=0,1\cdot160=16\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{H_2SO_4}}=0,1\cdot98=9,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{200}\cdot100\%=4,9\%\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{2,32}{232}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3 + 4H2O
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=4.n_{Fe_3O_4}=4.0,01=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,04.98=3,92\left(g\right)\)
Theo đề, ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{3,92}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{SauPỨ}}=2,32+19,6=21,92\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeSO_4}=0,01.152=1,52\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,01.400=4\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{SauPỨ}=1,52+4=5,52\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{SauPỨ}}=\dfrac{5,52}{21,92}.100\%=25,18\%\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.1...........0.1.........0.1\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.24\cdot0.5=0.12\left(mol\right)\)
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
\(0.12..........0.06\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.1+0.06=0.16\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.16}{1}=0.16\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0.06}{0.16}=0.375\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.16}=0.625\left(M\right)\)
a,
nFe2O3 = 0,05 mol
Fe2O3 + H2SO4 -------> Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O
0,05-------> 0,15------------> 0,05 -------->0,15
mddH2SO4 = 150 g
b , m Fe2(SO4)3 = 20 g
C phần trăm = \(\dfrac{20}{150}\times100\)= 13,3