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nAl= 0,5(mol)
a) PTHH: 2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2
nHCl= 6/2 . 0,5= 1,5(mol)
=>mHCl= 1,5.36,5=54,75(mol)
=> mddHCl= (54,75.100)/18,25=300(g)
b) nH2= 3/2. 0,5=0,75(mol)
=>V(H2,đktc)=0,75.22,4=16,8(l)
c) nAlCl3= nAl= 0,5(mol) -> mAlCl3=0,5. 133,5=66,75(g)
mddAlCl3=mAl+ mddHCl - mH2= 13,5 + 300-0,75.2=312(g)
=> \(C\%ddAlCl3=\dfrac{66,75}{312}.100\approx21,394\%\)
a)
Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} =b (mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 27b = 11(1)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\% = 50,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 50,9\% = 49,1\%$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,8}{0,4} = 2M$
c)
$C_{M_{FeCl_2}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,4} = 0,25M$
$C_{M_{AlCl_3}} =\dfrac{0,2}{0,4} = 0,5M$
a) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Zn}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1\cdot65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{10}\cdot100\%=65\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=35\%\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot36,5}{5\%}=146\left(g\right)\)
\(\text{Đặt }n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+56y=13,9(1)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2(1)\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2(2)\\ b,\text{Từ 2 PT: }1,5x+y=0,35(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,1(mol);y=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2(g)\)
\(c,n_{HCl(1)}=3n_{Al}=0,3(mol);n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{H_2(1)}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl(1)}}=\dfrac{0,3.36,5}{14,6\%}=75(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,1.133,5}{2,7+75-0,15.2}.100\%=17,25\%\)
\(n_{HCl(2)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4(mol);n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2(2)}=n_{Fe}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m{dd_{HCl(2)}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.127}{11,2+100-0,2.2}.100\%=22,92\%\)
a) 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b) Gọi số mol Al, Fe lần lượt là a,b
=> 27a + 56b = 13,9
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
a----->3a--------->a------->1,5a______(mol)
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b------>2b-------->b----->b__________(mol)
=> 1,5a + b = 0,35
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1=>m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\b=0,2=>m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) nHCl = 3a + 2b = 0,7 (mol)
=> mHCl = 0,7.36,5 = 25,55(g)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{25,55.100}{14,6}=175\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(saupu\right)}=13,9+175-2.0,35=188,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%\left(AlCl_3\right)=\dfrac{13,35}{188,2}.100\%=7,1\%\\C\%\left(FeCl_2\right)=\dfrac{25,4}{188,2}.100\%=13,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
$MgO + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2o$
b)
Theo PTHH : $n_{Mg} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Mg} = 0,2.24 = 4,8(gam)$
$m_{MgO} = m_{hh} - m_{Mg} = 12,8 - 4,8 = 8(gam)$
c)
$n_{MgO} = \dfrac{8}{40} = 0,2(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Mg} + 2n_{MgO} = 0,8(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,8.36,5}{14,6\%} = 200(gam)$
\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72l\\ b)V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2+0,4}{2}=0,3l\\ c)m_{muối}=0,1.127+95.0,2=31,7g\)
nZn = 6,5 / 65 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -----> ZnCl2 + H2
(mol) 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
a/ Từ PTHH suy ra nHCl = 2nZn = 0,2 (mol)
=> V.ddHCl = n/CMHCl = 0,2/2 = 0,1 (l)
b/ Từ PTHH => nH2 = nZn = 0,1 (mol)
=> V.H2 = 0,1 x 22,4 = 2,24 (mol) (vì bạn k ghi rõ là đktc hay đk thường)
c/ Từ PTHH => nZnCl2 = nZn = 0,1 mol
=> CMZnCl2 = 0,1/0,1 = 1M
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
____0,4_____0,8____0,4_____0,4 (mol)
a, \(m_{HCl}=0,8.36,5=29,2\left(g\right)\)
b, \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,4.127=50,8\left(g\right)\)
c, \(m_{H_2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(g\right)\)
d, \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{29,2}{14,6\%}=200\left(g\right)\)
m dd sau pư = 22,4 + 200 - 0,8 = 221,6 (g)
e, \(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{50,8}{221,6}.100\%\approx22,92\%\)