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a)
$n_{Zn} = \dfrac{13}{65} = 0,2(mol) ; n_{H_2 SO_4} = 0,5.2 = 1(mol)$
$Zn + H_2SO_4 \to ZnSO_4 + H_2$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Zn} < n_{H_2SO_4}$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư
$n_{ZnSO_4} = n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = n_{Zn} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{ZnSO_4} = 0,2.161=32,2(gam)$
$m_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = 0,2.98 = 19,6(gam)$
b)
$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 1 - 0,2 = 0,8(mol)$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4\ dư}} = \dfrac{0,8}{0,5} = 1,6M$
$C_{M_{FeSO_4}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,5} = 0,4M$
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5.2=1\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ a.Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{1}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnSO_4}=161.0,2=32,2\left(g\right)\\ b.V_{ddsau}=V_{ddH_2SO_4}=0,5\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\\ C_{MddH_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{1-0,2}{0,5}=1,6\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,4
0,1 0,2
0 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{dd}=6,5+0,4.36,5+50-0,1.2=70,9\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{70,9}.100\%=19,18\%\)
a. Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
b. nZn = n\(_{ZnCl_2}\) =\(\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) => m\(_{ZnCl_2}\)= 0,2.136 = 27,2(g)
c. n\(_{H_2}\)= nZn = 0,2 (mol) => V\(_{H_2}\)=0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (lít)
a)
\(Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\)
b),c)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{13}{65} = 0,2(mol)\)
Vậy :
\(m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,2.136 = 27,2(gam)\\ V_{H_2} =0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{150.18,25}{100}=27,375\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{27,375}{36,5}=0,75\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
trc p/u : 0,3 0,75
p/u: 0,3 0,6 0,3 0,3
sau p/u : 0 0,15 0,3 0,3
---> Sau p/ư HCl dư
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(b,m_{ddHCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(c,m_{ZnCl_2}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddZnCl_2}=19,5+150-\left(0,3.2\right)=168,9\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{40,8}{168,9}.100\%\approx24,16\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5g\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25}=0,8M\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1
\(m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5g\\
C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25}=0,8M\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
a)\(m_{HCl}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6g\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{18,25\%}\cdot100\%=80g\)
b)\(V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)
c)\(m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4g\)
BTKL: \(m_{Zn}+m_{ddHCl}=m_{ddZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddZnCl_2}=13+80-0,4=92,6g\)
\(m_{ctZnCl_2}=0,2\cdot136=27,2g\)
\(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{92,6}\cdot100\%=29,37\%\)