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$C_2H_4 + Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2$
Ta có :
$m_{C_2H_4} = m_{dd\ tăng} = 3(gam)$
$\Rightarrow n_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{3}{28}(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{C_2H_6} = 0,25 - \dfrac{3}{28} = \dfrac{1}{7}(mol)$
$\%V_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{ \dfrac{3}{28} }{0,25}.100\% = 42,9\%4
$\%V_{C_2H_6} = 100\% - 42,9\% = 57,1\%$
$\%m_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{3}{3 + \dfrac{1}{7}.30}.100\% = 41,2\%$
$\%m_{C_2H_6} = 100\% - 41,2\% = 58,8\%$
$C_2H_4 + Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2$
Ta có :
$m_{C_2H_4} = m_{dd\ tăng} = 3(gam)$
$\Rightarrow n_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{3}{28}(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{C_2H_6} = 0,25 - \dfrac{3}{28} = \dfrac{1}{7}(mol)$
$\%V_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{ \dfrac{3}{28} }{0,25}.100\% = 42,9\%$
$\%V_{C_2H_6} = 100\% - 42,9\% = 57,1\%$
$\%m_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{3}{3 + \dfrac{1}{7}.30}.100\% = 41,2\%$
$\%m_{C_2H_6} = 100\% - 41,2\% = 58,8\%$
\(a,n_{hh\left(CH_4,C_2H_4,C_2H_2\right)}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{hh\left(C_2H_4,C_2H_2\right)}=0,4-0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,3\\28a+26b=8,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(CH\equiv CH+2Br-Br\rightarrow CHBr_2-CHBr_2\)
\(CH_2=CH_2+Br-Br\rightarrow CH_2Br-CH_2Br\)
\(b,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}.100\%=25\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,4}.100\%=37,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, PTHH:
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\\ C_2H_2+\dfrac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+H_2O\\ C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Ba\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow BaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\\ \rightarrow n_{BaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1+0,15.0,15.2=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ m_{BaCO_3}=0,7.197=137,9\left(g\right)\)
a) \(V_{CH_4}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,2}.100\%=50\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=100\%-50\%=50\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{1,2-0,6}{24}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: C2H4 + Br2 --> C2H4Br2
0,025-->0,025
=> \(m_{Br_2}=0,025.160=4\left(g\right)\)
c)
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{24}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
=> nH = 0,025.4 = 0,1 (mol)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,72}{24}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
=> nCl(thế H) = 0,03 (mol)
Do nH > nCl(thế H)
=> H không bị thế hoàn toàn bởi Cl
=> nHCl = 0,03 (mol)
=> mHCl = 0,03.36,5 = 1,095 (g)
\(n_{hh}=6,72:22,4=0,3mol\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2->C_2H_2Br_4\\ C_2H_4+Br_2->C_2H_2Br_2\\ n_{Br_2}=0,4mol\\ n_{C_2H_2}=a;n_{C_2H_4}=b\\ a+b=0,3\\ 2a+b=0,4\\ a=0,2;b=0,1\\ \%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=33,33\%\)
1/2 hỗn hợp có 0,1 mol C2H2 và 0,05mol C2H4
\(BT.C:n_{CO_2}=2n_{C_2H_2}+2n_{C_2H_4}=0,3mol\\ n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,3\\ m_{KT}=0,3.100=30g\)
a) PTHH: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{28}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{C_2H_4Br_2}\) \(\Rightarrow m_{C_2H_4Br_2}=0,2\cdot188=37,6\left(g\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}-0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,7\cdot22,4=15,68\left(l\right)\)
A chứa 1 hidrocacbon no (X) và 1 hidrocacbon không no (Y)
=> (X) là ankan
- Xét TN1:
\(n_Y=\dfrac{0,336-0,112}{22,4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(M_Y=\dfrac{0,54}{0,01}=54\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> Y là C4H6
- Xét TN2:
CTPT của X là CnH2n+2
\(n_X=\dfrac{0,112}{22,4}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,624}{22,4}=0,0725\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2C4H6 + 11O2 --to--> 8CO2 + 6H2O
0,01-->0,055
CnH2n+2 + \(\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\)O2 --to--> nCO2 + (n+1)H2O
0,005-->\(0,005.\dfrac{3n+1}{2}\)
=> \(0,005\dfrac{3n+1}{2}=0,0725-0,055=0,0175\)
=> n = 2
=> CTPT của (X): C2H6
CTCT của (X): \(CH_3-CH_3\)
CTCT của (Y):
(1) \(CH\equiv C-CH_2-CH_3\)
(2) \(CH_3-C\equiv C-CH_3\)
(3) \(CH_2=C=CH-CH_3\)
(4) \(CH_2=CH-CH=CH_2\)
\(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\Rightarrow n_{CH_2}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CH_4}=0,25-0,1=0,15mol\)
\(\%V_{CH_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,25}\cdot100\%=40\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-40\%=60\%\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(CH_2+\dfrac{3}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+H_2O\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{CO_2}=0,15+0,1=0,25mol\)
\(BTC:n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,25mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{\downarrow}=0,25\cdot100=25g\)
nhh khí = 5,6/22,4 = 0,25 (mol)
nBr2 = 16/160 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH: C2H2 + 2Br2 -> C2H2Br4
Mol: 0,05 <--- 0,1
nCH4 = 0,25 - 0,05 = 0,2 (mol)
%VC2H2 = 0,05/0,25 = 20%
%VCH4 = 100% - 20% = 80%
PTHH:
2C2H2 + 5O2 -> (t°) 4CO2 + 2H2O
0,05 ---> 0,125 ---> 0,1
CH4 + 2O2 -> (t°) CO2 + 2H2O
0,2 ---> 0,4 ---> 0,2
nCO2 = 0,2 + 0,1 = 0,3 (mol)
PTHH: Ca(OH)2 + CO2 -> CaCO3 + H2O
nCaCO3 = 0,3 (mol)
mCaCO3 = 0,3 . 100 = 30 (g)
