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\(2Mg+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2MgO\\ 2Cu+O_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow2CuO\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=x\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=y\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=\dfrac{x}{24}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=\dfrac{x}{64}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ TheoPT:\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{MgO}=\dfrac{x}{24}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{x}{64}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ Tacó:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=24\\\dfrac{x}{24}.40=25\%.\left(\dfrac{x}{24}.40+\dfrac{y}{64}.80\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=12\\y=12\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi số mol Al, Na trong a gam hỗn hợp là x, y (mol)
=> 27x + 23y = a (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
x---------------->0,5x
4Na + O2 --to--> 2Na2O
y---------------->0,5y
=> 102.0,5x + 62.0,5y = 1,64.a
=> 51x + 31y = 1,64a (2)
(1)(2) => 51x + 31y = 1,64(27x + 23y)
=> 6,72x = 6,72y
=> x = y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27x}{27x+23y}.100\%=54\%\\\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23y}{27x+23y}.100\%=46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\x_{Ca}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+40y=17,6\\x=2y\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,4\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(m_{Mg}=0,4\cdot24=9,6g\)
\(m_{Ca}=0,2\cdot40=8g\)
b)\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
\(2Ca+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CaO\)
Từ hai pt: \(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Mg}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Ca}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,4+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,2=0,3mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,3\cdot32=9,6g\)
\(V_{O_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot6,72=33,6l\)
a)
Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24.n_{Mg}+40.n_{Ca}=17,6\\n_{Mg}=2.n_{Ca}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ca}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Ca}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\\m_{Mg}=0,4.24=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
PTHH: 2Ca + O2 --to--> 2CaO
0,2-->0,1
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
0,4--->0,2
=> \(V_{O_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=6,72.5=33,6\left(l\right)\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mKL + mO2 = m oxit
⇒ mO2 = 28,4 - 15,6 = 12,8 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{12,8}{32}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
a)
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
a--->0,75a----->0,5a
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b--->0,5b------->b
=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2
=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
=> Vkk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)
c)
mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
a)
4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b) Gọi số mol Al, Mg là a, b (mol)
=> 27a + 24b = 7,8 (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
a--->0,75a----->0,5a
2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b--->0,5b------->b
=> 102.0,5a + 40b = 14,2
=> 51a + 40b = 14,2 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,2 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
nO2 = 0,75a + 0,5b = 0,2 (mol)
=> VO2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
=> Vkk = 4,48 : 20% = 22,4 (l)
c)
mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 (g)
mMg = 0,1.24 = 2,4 (g)
a. Ag không phản ứng nên ta có PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2MgO\)
\(\rightarrow m_{O_2}=m_{hh}-m_{\mu\text{ối}}=18,8-15,6=3,2g\)
\(\rightarrow n_{O_2}=\frac{3,2}{32}=0,1mol\)
b. \(\rightarrow V_{O_2}=n.22,4=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)
\(\rightarrow V_{kk}=4,48.5=11,2l\)
c. Có \(n_{Mg}=2n_{O_2}=0,2l\)
\(\rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8g\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\frac{4,8.100}{15,6}\approx30,77\%\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{Ag}=100\%-30,77\%=69,23\%\)
\(m_{tăng}=m_{O_2}=7.2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7.2}{32}=0.225\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.225\cdot22.4=25.2\left(l\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{Mg}a\left(mol\right),n_{Cu}=b\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=c\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}MgO\)
\(Cu+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}CuO\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^0}2Al_2O_3\)
\(TC:n_{O_2}=0.5a=0.5b=0.75c=\dfrac{0.225}{3}=0.075\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0.15\\b=0.15\\c=0.1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0.15\cdot24=3.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0.15\cdot64=9.6\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=0.1\cdot27=2.7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO (1)
a ---------------> a (mol)
2Cu + O2 --> 2CuO (2)
b -------------> b (mol)
(1)(2)=>\(\frac{40a}{80b}=\frac{20\%}{80\%}\) => \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{1}{2}\) => \(a=\frac{1}{2}b\)
(1)(2) => 24a + 64b = 3,8 (g) =>12b + 64b = 3,8
=> b = 0,05 (mol) ; a=0,025 (mol)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgO}=0,025.24=0,6\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,05.64=3,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 --> 2MgO (1)
0,025 -> 0,0125 (mol)
2Cu + O2 --> 2CuO (2)
0,05 -> 0,025 (mol)
=> \(n_{O_2}=0,0125+0,025=0,0375\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{O_2}=0,0375.22,4=0,84\left(l\right)\)