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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
LTL: \(\dfrac{1,5}{2}< 1,5\rightarrow O_2\) dư
Theo pt: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.1,5=0,75\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(1,5-0,75\right).32=24\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2}\left(1,5-0,75\right).22,4=16,8\left(l\right)\\m_{H_2O}=1,5.18=27\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{O_2}=\dfrac{33,6}{22,4}=1,5\left(MOL\right)\)
pthh: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^O}2H_2O\)
LTL : \(\dfrac{1,5}{2}< \dfrac{1,5}{1}\)
=> O2 dư , H2 hết
theo pthh: nH2O = nH2 = 1,5 (mol)
=> \(m_{H_2O}=1,5.18=27\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{2}< \dfrac{0,45}{1}\) => H2 hết, O2 dư
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,5-->0,25----->0,5
=> \(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,45-0,25\right).32=6,4\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{H_2O}=0,5.18=9\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: 2KMnO4 --to--> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
0,5<-----------------------------------0,25
=> \(m_{KMnO_4}=0,5.158=79\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{V_{H_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{2,4}{22,4}\approx0,11\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{1,6}{22,4}\approx0,07\)
\(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow2H_2O\)
2 mol-1mol---2 mol
Ta có: \(\dfrac{n_{H_2}}{2}=\dfrac{0,11}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{n_{O_2}}{1}=\dfrac{0,07}{1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{H_2}}{2}< \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{1}\)
Vậy \(O_2\) dư
Số mol O2 dư:
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,07.1}{2}=0,035\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng O2 dư
\(m_{O_2}=0,035.32=1,12\left(g\right)\)
Khối lượng nước thu được:
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,07.2}{2}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=n_{H_2O}.M_{H_2O}=0,07.18=1,26\left(g\right)\)
Bài 1:
a, PT: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{31}{62}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{27}{18}=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}< \dfrac{1,5}{1}\), ta được H2O dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=1.40=40\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O\left(pư\right)}=n_{Na_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O\left(dư\right)}=1,5-0,5=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O\left(dư\right)}=1.18=18\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
a, PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
b, Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{2}\), ta được CH4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{O_2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CH_4\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,075=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CH_4\left(dư\right)}=0,025.22,4=0,56\left(l\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{O_2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2O}=n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ m sản phẩm = mCO2 + mH2O = 0,075.44 + 0,15.18 = 6 (g)
Cảm ơn bạn @anayuiky đã nhắc lỗi sai. Mình sửa lại ý c):
PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\rightarrow^{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
Theo phương trình \(n_{KMnO_4}=n_{O_2}.2=0,25.2=0,5mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,5.\left(39+55+16.4\right)=79g\)
a. \(n_{H_2}=\frac{V}{22,4}=\frac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
\(n_{O_2}=\frac{V}{22,4}=\frac{10,08}{22,4}=0,45mol\)
PTHH: \(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}2H_2O\)
Ban đầu: 0,5 0,45 mol
Trong pứng: 0,5 0,25 0,5 mol
Sau pứng: 0 0,2 0,5 mol
\(\rightarrow M_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=n.M=0,2.32=6,4g\)
b. Theo phương trình \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,5mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{H_2O}=n.M=0,5.18=9g\)
c. PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\rightarrow^{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\uparrow\)
0,9 0,45 mol
\(\rightarrow n_{KMnO_4}=\frac{2}{1}n_{O_2}=\frac{0,45.2}{1}=0,9mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=n.M=0,9.158=142,2g\)
PTHH : \(S+O_2\left(t^o\right)->SO_2\) (1)
\(SO_2+H_2O->H_2SO_3\) (2)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{V_{đktc}}{22,4}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Từ (1) -> \(n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
-> \(m_S=n.M=1,6\left(g\right)\)
Từ (2) -> \(n_{H_2SO_3}=n_{SO_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
-> \(m_{H_2SO_3}=n.M=0,05.\left(2+32+16.3\right)=4,1\left(g\right)\)
Câu 8:
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\), ta được O2 dư.
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Câu 9:
a, PT: \(2R+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2RO\)
Theo ĐLBT KL, có: mR + mO2 = mRO
⇒ mO2 = 4,8 (g)
\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,8}{32}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_R=2n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_R=\dfrac{19,2}{0,3}=64\left(g/mol\right)\)
Vậy: M là đồng (Cu).
Câu 10:
Ta có: mBaCl2 = 200.15% = 30 (g)
a, m dd = 200 + 100 = 300 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{30}{300}.100\%=10\%\)
⇒ Nồng độ dung dịch giảm 5%
b, Ta có: \(C\%_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{30}{150}.100\%=20\%\)
⇒ Nồng độ dung dịch tăng 5%.
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a) 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,1-->0,05------>0,1
=> mH2O = 0,1.18 = 1,8 (g)
c) \(n_{O_2\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)>n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> O2 dư
nO2(dư) = 0,06 - 0,05 = 0,01 (mol)
VO2(dư) = 0,01.22,4 = 0,224 (l)