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Ta thấy: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2+bc}{abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2+bc}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2b+b^2c\right)\left(bc^2+ca^2\right)\left(c^2a+ab^2\right)}}\)
Ta lại có: \(\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2b+b^2c\right)\left(bc^2+ca^2\right)\left(c^2a+ab^2\right)}\le\frac{\left(a^2b+b^2c\right)+\left(bc^2+ca^2\right)+\left(c^2a+ab^2\right)}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2+bc}{abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\ge\frac{\Sigma_{cyc}\left(a^2+bc\right)}{\frac{1}{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}{\frac{1}{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}\)
Nhận thấy: \(A=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\right)=a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc+2\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
Theo Schur: \(a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge3\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2+bc}{abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\ge\frac{3\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}=\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
1.
C/m bổ đề: \(a^3-b^3\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a^3-b^3\right)\) với \(\forall a,b\in R,a\ge b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^3-4b^3-\left(a^3-3a^2b+3ab^2-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^3+3a^2b-3ab^2-3b^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)(đúng)
Theo bài ra: \(a^3-b^3\ge3a-3b-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) Cần c/m: \(\left(a-b\right)^3\ge12a-12b-16\)(1)
Thật vậy:
\(\left(1\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^3-12\left(a-b\right)+16\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a-b\right)^3-8\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a-b\right)+4\right]-12\left(a-b-2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)-8\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-2\right)^2\left(a-b+4\right)\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b thỏa mãn \(a,b\in R,a\ge b\))
2.
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\frac{a+b}{ab}}+\frac{1}{\frac{c+d}{cd}}\le\frac{1}{\frac{a+b+c+d}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{a+b}+\frac{cd}{c+d}\le\frac{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab\left(c+d\right)+cd\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)}\le\)\(\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{abc+abd+acd+bcd}{ac+ad+bc+bd}\le\frac{ab+ad+bc+cd}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad+ab+bc+cd\right)\left(ac+ad+bc+bd\right)\ge\)\(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(abc+abd+acd+bcd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad\right)^2-2abcd+\left(bc\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ad-bc\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng với mọi a,b,c,d>0)
Câu 2)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+1+a+1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+2}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\ge4\left(ab+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge4ab+8\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge4ab\)
Do \(a+b=1\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (đpcm )
Câu 3)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge9\)
Mà \(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\sqrt[3]{abc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\) (điều này luôn luôn đúng)
\(\Rightarrow\) ĐPCM
bđt \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2}{2}+\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{bc}\ge\frac{9}{2}\)
mặt khác: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{bc}=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{bc}\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{a}\)
do đó cần CM: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2}{2}+\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{9}{2}\) (1)
\(VT_{\left(1\right)}=\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{a^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2a}\right)\ge3.\frac{3}{2}=\frac{9}{2}\)
"=" \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
