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LT
1
17 tháng 10 2020
Ta có: \(\frac{x-2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\)
\(=\frac{x-1-1}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{x-1}-1\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\forall x\) thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}-1\ge-1\forall x\) thoả mãn ĐKXĐ
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-2}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\ge-1\forall x\ge1\)(đpcm)
TK
1
12 tháng 3 2019
\(VT=\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}=\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy schawazr ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}+\frac{1}{2xy}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{2\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}}=4+2=6\)
Vậy đẳng thức đã được chứng minh .
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
13 tháng 7 2016
a) Ta có : \(x+y+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{2}{y}=\left(2x+\frac{2}{x}\right)+\left(2y+\frac{2}{y}\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy, ta có : \(2x+\frac{2}{x}\ge2\sqrt{2x.\frac{2}{x}}=4\) (1)
Tương tự : \(2y+\frac{2}{y}\ge2\sqrt{2y.\frac{2}{y}}=4\)(2) ; \(x+y\le2\Rightarrow-\left(x+y\right)\ge-2\)(3)
Cộng (1) , (2) , (3) theo vế được: \(\left(2x+\frac{2}{x}\right)+\left(2y+\frac{2}{y}\right)-\left(x+y\right)\ge4+4-2=6\)
Hay \(x+y+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{2}{y}\ge6\) (đpcm)
b) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\) được :
\(a^8+b^8+c^8=\left(a^4\right)^2+\left(b^4\right)^2+\left(c^4\right)^2\ge\left(ab\right)^4+\left(bc\right)^4+\left(ca\right)^4\)
Tương tự : \(\left(a^2b^2\right)^2+\left(b^2c^2\right)^2+\left(c^2a^2\right)^2\ge a^2b^4c^2+b^2c^4a^2+c^2a^4b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4\ge a^2b^2c^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^8+b^8+c^8\ge a^2b^2c^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^8+b^8+c^8}{a^3b^3c^3}\ge\frac{a^2b^2c^2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^3b^3c^3}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}\ge\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
19 tháng 6 2016
Dự đoán dấu bằng có khi (x,y,z)(x,y,z) là các hoán vị (0;1;1).
Từ đó ta đánh giá làm mất căn:
Ta có:
\(4\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{\frac{xy+yz+zx}{x^2+y^2+z^2}}=\frac{8\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\sqrt{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right).2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}}\)\(\ge\frac{16\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
Do đó ta chỉ cần có
\(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{z}{x+y}+\frac{16\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge6\)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(x\ge y\ge z\) suy ra \(x\ge y>0,z\ge0\)
Khi đó, ta chứng minh BĐT mạnh hơn
\(\frac{x}{y+z}+\frac{y}{z+x}+\frac{16\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y+z}{y+z}+\frac{x+y+z}{z+x}-\frac{8\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^3\left(x+y+2z\right)\ge8\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
Hay \(\left(x+y+z\right)^4+z\left(x+y+z\right)^3\ge8z^2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+8\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
Theo AM-GM:\(\left(x+y+z\right)^4=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right)^2\ge8\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
Vậy ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(z\left(x+y+z\right)^3\ge8z^2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^3\ge8z\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
Ta có:\(\left(x+y+z\right)^3=x^3+y^3+z^3+3x\left(y^2+z^2\right)+3y\left(z^2+x^2\right)+3z\left(x^2+y^2\right)+6xyz\ge x^3+y^3+z^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+5xyz+8z^3+3z\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
Suy ra \(\left(x+y+z\right)^3-8z\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge x^3+y^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+5xyz-5z\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+5z\left(xy-x^2-y^2\right)\ge x^3+y^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+5y\left(xy-x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(\ge x^3+y^3+3x^2y+3xy^2-5y\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2+4\right)\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
BĐT được chứng minh.
8 tháng 7 2022
a: \(x^2+x+1=x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)
b: \(x-2\cdot\sqrt{x}\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\)
c: \(=x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}y+\dfrac{1}{4}y^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}y\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}y^2>0\forall x,y\ne0\)
KK
23 tháng 2 2017
Xét: \(\frac{1-x^2}{x+yz}+\frac{1-y^2}{y+xz}+\frac{1-z^2}{z+xy}\)
Thay thế \(x+y+z=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2-x^2}{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2-y^2}{y\left(x+y+z\right)+xz}+\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2-z^2}{z\left(x+y+z\right)+xy}\)
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức hiệu 2 bình phương: \(a^2-b^2=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(2x+y+z\right)}{x^2+xy+xz+yz}+\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+2y+z\right)}{xy+y^2+yz+xz}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)}{xz+zy+z^2+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(2x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+2y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\le\left(\frac{2x+y+z}{2}\right)^2=\frac{\left(2x+y+z\right)^2}{4}\\\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\le\left(\frac{x+2y+z}{2}\right)^2=\frac{\left(x+2y+z\right)^2}{4}\\\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\le\left(\frac{x+y+2z}{2}\right)^2=\frac{\left(x+y+2z\right)^2}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\frac{\left(y+z\right)\left(2x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(y+z\right)\left(2x+y+z\right)}{\left(2x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{4\left(y+z\right)}{2x+y+z}\\\frac{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+2y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(x+z\right)\left(x+2y+z\right)}{\left(x+2y+z\right)^2}=\frac{4\left(x+z\right)}{x+2y+z}\\\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)}{\left(x+y+2z\right)^2}=\frac{4\left(x+y\right)}{x+y+2z}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{4\left(y+z\right)}{2x+y+z}+\frac{4\left(x+z\right)}{x+2y+z}+\frac{4\left(x+y\right)}{x+y+2z}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge4\left(\frac{y+z}{2x+y+z}+\frac{x+z}{x+2y+z}+\frac{x+y}{x+y+2z}\right)\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}y+z=1-x\\x+z=1-y\\x+y=1-z\end{matrix}\right.\) ( 1 )
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}2x+y+z=1+x\\x+2y+z=1+y\\x+y+2z=1+z\end{matrix}\right.\) ( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge4\left(\frac{1-x}{1+x}+\frac{1-y}{1+y}+\frac{1-z}{1+z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge4\left(\frac{1+x-2x}{1+x}+\frac{1+y-2y}{1+y}+\frac{1+z-2z}{1+z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge4\left[3-\left(\frac{2x}{1+x}+\frac{2y}{1+y}+\frac{2z}{1+z}\right)\right]\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge12-4\left(\frac{2x}{1+x}+\frac{2y}{1+y}+\frac{2z}{1+z}\right)\)
Chứng minh rằng \(12-4\left(\frac{2x}{1+x}+\frac{2y}{1+y}+\frac{2z}{1+z}\right)\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(\frac{2x}{1+x}+\frac{2y}{1+y}+\frac{2z}{1+z}\right)\le6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x}{1+x}+\frac{2y}{1+y}+\frac{2z}{1+z}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{1+x}+\frac{y}{1+y}+\frac{z}{1+z}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1+x-1}{1+x}+\frac{1+y-1}{1+y}+\frac{1+z-1}{1+z}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{1+x}+1-\frac{1}{1+y}+1-\frac{1}{1+z}\le\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3-\left(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\right)\le\frac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{3+x+y+z}=\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-\left(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\right)\le3-\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow3-\left(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\right)\le\frac{3}{4}\) ( đpcm )
Vì \(12-4\left(\frac{2x}{1+x}+\frac{2y}{1+y}+\frac{2z}{1+z}\right)\ge6\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{1-x^2}{x+yz}+\frac{1-y^2}{y+xz}+\frac{1-z^2}{z+xy}\ge6\) ( đpcm )
AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
23 tháng 2 2017
Cách khác:
\(A=\frac{1-x^2}{x+yz}+\frac{1-y^2}{y+xz}+\frac{1-z^2}{z+xy}=\frac{1-x^2}{x(x+y+z)+yz}+\frac{1-y^2}{y(x+y+z)+xz}+\frac{1-z^2}{z(x+y+z)+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1-x^2}{(x+y)(x+z)}+\frac{1-y^2}{(y+z)(y+x)}+\frac{1-z^2}{(z+x)(z+y)}=\frac{2(x+y+z)-[xy(x+y)+yz(y+z)+xz(x+z)]}{(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)}\)
Có \(A\geq 6\Leftrightarrow 2-[xy(x+y)+yz(y+z)+xz(x+z)]\ge 6(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2+9xyz\geq 7(x+y+z)(xy+yz+xz)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 2+9xyz\geq 7(xy+yz+xz)\) \((\star)\)
Theo BĐT Schur bậc 3 kết hợp AM-GM:
\(xyz\geq (x+y-z)(y+z-x)(x+z-y)=(1-2x)(1-2y)(1-2z)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 9xyz\geq 4(xy+yz+xz)-1\)
\(\Rightarrow 2+9(xy+yz+xz)\geq 1+4(xy+yz+xz)=(x+y+z)^2+4(xy+yz+xz)\)\(\geq 7(xy+yz+xz)\)
Do đó \((\star)\) được CM. Bài toán hoàn tất. Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
DC
1
24 tháng 7 2019
Ta có:\(x^2-4xy+6y^2+2x+4\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x+x+\frac{8}{x^2}\right)+\left(2y^2+\frac{2}{y^2}\right)\)
\(\ge0+6+4=10\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-4xy+6y^2+2x\ge10-4=6\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=2 và y=1.