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Muốn chứng minh 3/4+8/9+15/16+...+2499/2500 không phải số tự nhiên thì chứng minh nó nhỏ hơn 1
Ta có: \(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{8}{9}+\frac{15}{16}+...+\frac{2499}{2500}=\frac{1.3}{2^2}.\frac{2.4}{3^2}....\frac{49.51}{50^2}\)
\(=\frac{1.2....49}{2.3...50}.\frac{3.4...51}{2.3...50}=\frac{1}{50}.\frac{51}{2}=\frac{51}{100}
\(A=1-\frac{1}{4}+1-\frac{1}{9}+1-\frac{1}{16}+...+\frac{1}{2500}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2^2}+1-\frac{1}{3^2}+1-\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}=\left(1+1+...+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}...+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)\)(từ 2 đến 50 có 49 số nên có 49 số 1)
\(A=49-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}...+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)
B = 3/4 + 8/9 + 15/16 + .... + 2499/2500
B = (1 - 1/4) + (1 - 1/9) + (1 - 1/16) + ... + (1 - 1/2500)
B = (1 - 1/22) + (1 - 1/32) + (1 - 1/42) + ... + (1 - 1/502)
B = (1 + 1 + 1 + ... + 1) - (1/22 + 1/32 + 1/42 + ...+ 1/502)
49 số 1
B = 49 - (1/22 + 1/32 + 1/42 + ... + 1/502)
=> B < 49 (1)
B > 49 - (1/1×2 + 1/2×3 + 1/3×4 + ... + 1/49×50)
B > 49 - (1 - 1/2 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/3 - 1/4 + ... + 1/49 - 1/50)
B > 49 - (1 - 1/50)
B > 49 - 1 + 1/50
B > 48 + 1/50 > 48 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => 48 < B < 49
=> B không phải là số nguyên ( đpcm)
B = 3/4 + 8/9+ 15/16 + ... + 2499/2500
B = (1 - 1/4) + (1 - 1/9) + (1 - 1/16) + ... + (1 - 1/2500)
B = (1 - 1/22) + (1 - 1/32) + (1 - 1/42) + ... + (1 - 1/502)
B = (1 + 1 + 1 + ... + 1) - (1/22 + 1/32 + 1/42 + .... + 1/502)
49 số 1
=> B = 49 - (1/22 + 1/32 + 1/42 + ... + 1/502)
=> B < 49 (1)
B > 49 - (1/1×2 + 1/2×3 + 1/3×4 + ... + 1/49×50)
B > 49 - (1 - 1/2 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/3 - 1/4 + ... + 1/49 - 1/50)
B > 49 - (1 - 1/50)
B > 49 - 1 + 1/50
B > 48 + 1/50 > 48 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) => 48 < M < 49
=> M không phải số nguyên ( đpcm)
Ta có :
\(S=\frac{3}{4}+\frac{8}{9}+\frac{15}{16}+...+\frac{2499}{5000}\)
\(S=1-\frac{1}{4}+1-\frac{1}{9}+1-\frac{1}{16}+...+1-\frac{1}{5000}\)
\(S=\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{4}++\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{16}+...+\frac{1}{5000}\right)\)
\(S=49-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)< 49\)\(\left(1\right)\)
Lại có :
\(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}=1-\frac{1}{50}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)>-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(S=49-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)>49-1=48\)\(\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra :
\(48< S< 49\)
Vậy S không là số tự nhiên
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
\(S=\left(1-\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{9}\right)+...+\left(1-\frac{1}{2500}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+1+...+1\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)\)
\(=49-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)< 49\left(1\right)\)
Có: \(\frac{1}{2^2}< \frac{1}{1.2};\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.3};...;\frac{1}{50^2}< \frac{1}{49.50}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}=1-\frac{1}{50}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)>-1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=49-\left(\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{50^2}\right)>49-1=48\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => 48<A<49
Vậy S không phải là stn
\(\dfrac{n^2-1}{n^2}=1-\dfrac{1}{n^2}>1-\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
Từ đó ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{2^2-1}{2^2}+\dfrac{3^2-1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{50^2-1}{50^2}>1-\dfrac{1}{1.2}+1-\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+1-\dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>49-\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A>49-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A>49-\left(1-\dfrac{1}{50}\right)=48+\dfrac{1}{50}>48\)
\(A=\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{8}{9}+\dfrac{15}{16}+...+\dfrac{2499}{2500}\\ A=\left(1+1+1+...+1\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{2500}\right)\\ A=49-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{2500}\right)\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\\ \dfrac{1}{9}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\\ \dfrac{1}{16}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\\ ...\\ \dfrac{1}{2500}=\dfrac{1}{50.50}< \dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{2500}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{2500}< 1-\dfrac{1}{50}< 1\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{2500}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=49-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{16}+...+\dfrac{1}{2500}\right)>49-1\\ \Rightarrow A>48\)
