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\(P=3\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-3x^2y^2-2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+1\)
\(\ge3\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2\left(x^2+y^2\right)+1\)
Đặt \(x^2+y^2=a\) thì \(a\ge2\).Xét hàm \(f\left(a\right)=\dfrac{9}{4}a^2-2a+1\)
Dế thấy \(f_{(a)}\) đồng biến trên [2,+\(\infty\)] nên \(f_{Min}\)=\(f_{(2)}\)=6
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=1
\(y=2+\dfrac{6}{x-3}\)
\(P=3x\left(2+\dfrac{6}{x-3}\right)+2x+2+\dfrac{6}{x-3}\)
\(P=8x+2+\dfrac{18x}{x-3}+\dfrac{6}{x-3}=8x+20+\dfrac{60}{x-3}\)
\(P=8\left(x-3\right)+\dfrac{60}{x-3}+44\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{480\left(x-3\right)}{x-3}}+44=44+8\sqrt{30}\)
\(P_{min}=44+8\sqrt{30}\) khi \(8\left(x-3\right)=\dfrac{60}{x-3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{6+\sqrt{30}}{2}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x}}\Rightarrow P^2=\dfrac{x^2}{y}+\dfrac{y^2}{x}+2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(P^2=\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xy}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y^2}{x}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xy}\right)-2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(P^2\ge3x+3y-2\sqrt{xy}\ge3\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=2\left(x+y\right)=4038\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{4038}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{2019}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2019-x}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{y-2019}}=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x}}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\)
Lại có:
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2019-x}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{2019-y}}=\dfrac{2019-y}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{2019-x}{\sqrt{x}}\\ =\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{y}}-\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow2P=\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{y}}=2019\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)\ge2019\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[4]{xy}}\\ \ge2019\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[2]{\dfrac{x+y}{2}}}=2019\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\dfrac{2019}{2}}}=2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2019}\)
Dấu = khi \(x=y=\dfrac{2019}{2}\)
Bạn tham khảo:
cho x,y,z >0 thỏa mãn \(2\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\). CMR: \(\dfrac{3yz}{x}+\dfrac{4zx}{y}+\dfrac{5xy}{z}\ge... - Hoc24
Do \(x^2+y^2=1\Rightarrow\) đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=sina\\y=cosa\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\dfrac{2sin^2a+12sina.cosa}{1+2sina.cosa+2cos^2a}=\dfrac{1-cos2a+6sin2a}{2+sin2a+cos2a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\left(2+sin2a+cos2a\right)=1-cos2a+6sin2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(P-6\right)sin2a+\left(P+1\right)cos2a=1-2P\)
Theo điều kiện có nghiệm của pt lượng giác bậc nhất:
\(\left(P-6\right)^2+\left(P+1\right)^2\ge\left(1-2P\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P^2+3P-18\le0\Rightarrow-6\le P\le3\)
Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}P_{max}=3\\P_{min}=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Sửa: \(P=2x^4+x^3\left(2y-1\right)+y^3\left(2x-1\right)+2y^4\); x+y=1
Ta có \(P=2x^4+x^3\left(2y-1\right)+y^3\left(2x-1\right)+2y^4=2x^4+2x^3y-x^3+2xy^3-y^3+2y^4\)
\(=x^3\left(2x+2y\right)+y^3\left(2x+2y\right)-\left(x^3+y^3\right)=\left(2x+2y\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)-\left(x^3+y^3\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+2y-1\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)=x^3+y^3\)
Do \(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=x^2-xy+y^2=\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{y}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
Mà \(x+y=1\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy=1\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge1\Rightarrow\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(P=\dfrac{4x^2+2xy-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2xy-2y^2+3\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{3x^2+2xy-y^2}{3x^2+2xy+y^2}\)
Biểu thức này không tồn tại max mà chỉ tồn tại min
\(P=\dfrac{-2\left(3x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+9x^2+6xy+y^2}{3x^2+2xy+y^2}=-2+\dfrac{\left(3x+y\right)^2}{2x^2+\left(x+y\right)^2}\ge-2\)
