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Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}+\frac{1}{z+1}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+1}=2-\frac{1}{y+1}-\frac{1}{z+1}=\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}=\frac{2\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\) (1)
(Vì x;y;z dương nên áp dụng BĐT Cô-si)
Chưng minh tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1}{y+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}=\frac{2\sqrt{xz}}{\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\) (2)
\(\frac{1}{z+1}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\) (3)
Nhân (1) với (2) với (3) ta có:
giải tiếp
\(\frac{1}{x+1}.\frac{1}{y+1}.\frac{1}{z+1}=\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\ge\frac{8\sqrt{\left(xyz\right)^2}}{\sqrt{\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)\right]^2}}\)
Với x;y;z > 0 nên \(1\ge\frac{8xyz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\Leftrightarrow1\ge8xyz\Leftrightarrow xyz\le\frac{1}{8}\)
Vậy ....
Đặt \(\frac{1}{1+x}=a\);\(\frac{1}{1+y}=b\);\(\frac{1}{1+y}=c\). Lúc đó a + b + c = 1
Ta có: \(a=\frac{1}{1+x}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1-a}{a}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)-a}{a}=\frac{b+c}{a}\)(Do a + b + c = 1)
Tương tự ta có: \(y=\frac{c+a}{b};z=\frac{a+b}{c}\)
\(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\le\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{xyz}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Ta đi chứng minh \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)\(\le\frac{3}{2}\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{a+c}+\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.3=\frac{3}{2}\)*đúng*
Vậy \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\le\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{xyz}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 2
Ta có: \(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow x=\frac{x+y+z}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2+1=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}}\le\frac{\frac{x+y}{y}+\frac{x+z}{z}}{2}=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}\le\frac{2+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}=\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}\le\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\); \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế ba bất đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3.\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}\)\(\le3.\frac{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{xyz}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xyz}=\frac{\left(xyz\right)^2}{xyz}=xyz\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có: \(\frac{1}{x+1}=\)\(1-\frac{1}{y+1}+1-\frac{1}{z+1}=\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ỹz}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\)
Tương tự ta cũng có: \(\frac{1}{y+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}};\frac{1}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\)
Nhân từng vế của ba BĐT trên ta được:
\(\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\ge8\frac{xyz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\Rightarrow xyz\le\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\x+y+z=xyz\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy} +\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
Có : \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}+x^2}}\le\frac{1}{2.\sqrt{\frac{x^2y}{xyz}}}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}+y^2}}\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{\frac{y^2z}{xyz}}}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}+z^2}}\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{\frac{z^2x}{xyz}}}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy P max = 3/2
\(VT=\sum\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\sum\frac{x}{\sqrt{xy+xz+yz+x^2}}=\sum\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\sum\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{z}{y+z}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\frac{1}{x+1}=1-\frac{1}{y+1}+1-\frac{1}{z+1}=\frac{y}{y+1}+\frac{z}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}}\)
Tương tụ co:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{y+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(z+1\right)\left(x+1\right)}}\\\frac{1}{z+1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\ge\frac{8xyz}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz\le\frac{1}{8}\)