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Giả sử tất cả các tỷ lệ thức đều có nghĩa.
Từ: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\)
Và suy ra: \(\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Và Từ: \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}=\frac{a}{c}\cdot\frac{b}{d}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\left(1\right)\)
mà \(\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)
Từ (1) \(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\frac{c^2-d^2}{cd}\)
ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(c+d\right)^2}\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b^2\right)}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{\left(c+d\right)^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Tôi chỉ gợi ý thôi. Bạn đặt tỉ lệ thức đã cho bằng 1 số k nào đó
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=kd\left(3\right)\)
Ta có:\(\frac{a^2-b^2}{ab}=\frac{b^2k^2-b^2}{b^2k}=\frac{k^2-1}{k}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{c^2-d^2}{cd}=\frac{k^2d^2-d^2}{d^2k}=\frac{k^2-1}{k}\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra:đpcm
b)\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{\left(c+d\right)^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Từ (3) ta được:\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a^2+b^2}=\frac{\left(bk+b\right)^2}{b^2k^2+b^2}=\frac{\left[b\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{b^2\left(k+1\right)^2}{b^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)^2}{k^2+1}\left(4\right)\)
\(\frac{\left(c+d\right)^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{\left(dk+d\right)^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}=\frac{\left[d\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{d^2\left(k+1\right)^2}{d^2\left(k^2+1\right)}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)^2}{k^2+1}\left(5\right)\)
Từ (4) và (5) ta được đpcm
a)\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.b}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(1\right)\)
\(\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}=\frac{b^2k^2-b^2}{d^2k^2-d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\left(2\right)\)
từ\(\left(1\right)\)và\(\left(2\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Lại có: \(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}=\frac{kb^2}{kd^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\frac{k^2b^2+b^2}{k^2d^2+d^2}=\frac{b^2\left(k+1\right)}{d^2\left(k+1\right)}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
=> đpcm
Từ \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}=\frac{b}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{c^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}=\frac{a\cdot b}{c\cdot d}=\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
đặt \(\frac{a}{b}\)=\(\frac{c}{d}\)=k =>a=bk; c=dk
xét: \(\frac{ab}{cd}\)=\(\frac{bk.b}{dk.d}\)=\(\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)=\(\frac{b^2k^2-b^2}{d^2k^2-d^2}\)=\(\frac{b^2\left(k^2-1\right)}{d^2\left(k^2-1\right)}\)=\(\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
=> \(\frac{ab}{cd}\)=\(\frac{a^2-b^2}{c^2-d^2}\)đpcm
tương tự
xét: \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2\)=\(\left(\frac{bk+b}{dk+d}\right)^2\)=\(\left(\frac{b\left(k+1\right)}{d\left(k+1\right)}\right)^2\)=\(\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)=\(\frac{b^2k^2+b^2}{d^2k^2+d^2}\)=\(\frac{b^2\left(k+1\right)}{d^2\left(k+1\right)}\)=\(\frac{b^2}{d^2}\)
=> \(\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2\)=\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)đpcm
Giải:
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=b.k,c=d.k\)
a) Ta có:
\(\frac{a}{3a+b}=\frac{b.k}{3.b.k+b}=\frac{b.k}{b\left(3k+1\right)}=\frac{k}{3k+1}\) (1)
\(\frac{c}{3c+d}=\frac{dk}{3dk+d}=\frac{dk}{d\left(3k+1\right)}=\frac{k}{3k+1}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{a}{3a+b}=\frac{c}{3c+d}\)
b) Ta có:
\(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\frac{\left(bk-b\right)^2}{\left(dk-d\right)^2}=\frac{\left[b\left(k-1\right)\right]^2}{\left[d\left(k-1\right)\right]^2}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (1)
\(\frac{ab}{cd}=\frac{bkb}{dkd}=\frac{b^2}{d^2}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(c-d\right)^2}=\frac{ab}{cd}\)
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*\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)=> \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}=\frac{a}{b}.\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)=\frac{ac}{bd}\)(đpcm)
* \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+c}{b+d}\)=> \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}=\left(\frac{a+c}{b+d}\right)^2\)(1)
Ta lại có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)=>\(\frac{a^2}{b^2}=\frac{c^2}{d^2}=\frac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)(2)
Từ (1),(2) => đpcm