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a) Đặt \(d=\left(a_1,a_2,...,a_n\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a_1=dx_1\\a_2=dx_2\\...\\a_n=dx_n\end{matrix}\right.\) (với \(\left(x_1,x_2,...,x_n\right)=1\)).
Ta có \(A_i=\dfrac{A}{a_i}=\dfrac{d^nx_1x_2...x_n}{dx_i}=d^{n-1}\dfrac{x_1x_2...x_n}{x_i}=d^{n-1}B_i\forall i\in\overline{1,n}\).
Từ đó \(\left[A_1,A_2,...,A_n\right]=d^{n-1}\left[B_1,B_2,...,B_n\right]\).
Mặt khác do \(\left(x_1,x_2,...,x_n\right)=1\Rightarrow\left[B_1,B_2,...B_n\right]=x_1x_2...x_n\).
Vậy \(\left(a_1,a_2,...,a_n\right)\left[A_1,A_2,...,A_n\right]=d.d^{n-1}x_1x_2...x_n=d^nx_1x_2...x_n=A\).
Cái đầu tiên là \(\sqrt[n]{\frac{a_1^n+a_2^n+a_3^n+...+a_n^n}{n}}\)nhé.
\(A_n=\dfrac{\sqrt{2n-1}}{\left(2n+1\right)\left(2n-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2n-1}}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2n+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{2n-1}}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}\right)\)
\(< \dfrac{\sqrt{2n-1}}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A_1+A_2+...+A_n< 1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n-1}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2n+1}}< 1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô - si với n số dương ta được
\(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\ge n\sqrt[n]{a_1.a_2....a_n}\)
\(\frac{1}{a_1}+\frac{1}{a_2}+...+\frac{1}{a_n}\ge n\sqrt[n]{\frac{1}{a_1}.\frac{1}{a_2}....\frac{1}{a_n}}\)
Suy ra \(\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)\left(\frac{1}{a_1}+\frac{1}{a_2}+...+\frac{1}{a_n}\right)\ge n^2.\sqrt[n]{1}=n^2\)
(dấu "=" xẩy ra <=> a1=a2 =...=an)
Theo bat dang thuc cauchy ta co
a1+a2+...+an lon hon hoc bang n.can bac n cua (a1.a2....an) (1)
1/a1+1/a2...1/an lon hon hoac bang n.1/can bac n cua (a1.a2...an) (2)
Nhan 2 ve (1) va (2) ta duoc
(a1+a2+...+an).(1/a1+1/a2+...1/an) lon hon hoac bang n tren 2
=>1/a1+1/a2+...1/an lon hon hoac bang n tren 2/a1+a2+...+an
Dau bang xay ra khi a1=a2=...=an
Mk giai co hieu ko
\(\dfrac{a_1}{2-a_1}+\dfrac{a_2}{2-a_2}+...+\dfrac{a_n}{2-a_n}\ge\dfrac{n}{2n-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2_1}{2a_1-a^2_1}+\dfrac{a^2_2}{2a_2-a^2_2}+...+\dfrac{a^2_n}{2a_n-a^2_2}\ge\dfrac{n}{2n-1}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2_1}{2a_1-a^2_1}+\dfrac{a^2_2}{2a_2-a^2_2}+...+\dfrac{a^2_n}{2a_n-a^2_2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2}{2\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)-\left(a^2_1+a^2_2+...+a_n^2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2_1}{2a_1-a^2_1}+\dfrac{a^2_2}{2a_2-a^2_2}+...+\dfrac{a^2_n}{2a_n-a^2_2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2-\left(a^2_1+a^2_2+...+a_n^2\right)}\)
Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{1}{2-\left(a^2_1+a_2^2+...+a^2_n\right)}\ge\dfrac{n}{2n-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n-1\ge n\left[2-\left(a^2_1+a^2_2+...+a^2_n\right)\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2n-1\ge2n-n\left(a^2_1+a^2_2+...+a^2_n\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\ge-n\left(a^2_1+a^2_2+...+a^2_n\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\le n\left(a^2_1+a^2_2+...+a^2_n\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{n}\le a^2_1+a^2_2+...+a^2_n\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số
\(\Rightarrow VP=\dfrac{a^2_1}{1}+\dfrac{a^2_2}{1}+...+\dfrac{a^2_n}{1}\ge\dfrac{\left(a_1+a_2+...+a_n\right)^2}{n}=\dfrac{1}{n}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) đpcm
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{2-\left(a^2_1+a_2^2+...+a^2_n\right)}\ge\dfrac{n}{2n-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a_1}{2-a_1}+\dfrac{a_2}{2-a_2}+...+\dfrac{a_n}{2-a_n}\ge\dfrac{n}{2n-1}\) ( đpcm )
lp 7