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Ta phải chứng minh
\(\displaystyle \sum\)\(\frac{1+a}{b+c}\le2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\displaystyle \sum\)\(\frac{2a+b+c}{b+c}\le2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\displaystyle \sum\)\(\frac{2a}{b+c}+3\le2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}-\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c}-\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a}-\frac{c}{a+b}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ac}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{bc}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{ab}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(ac\right)^2}{abc\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(bc\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{\left(ca\right)^2}{abc\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Mặt khác: Theo BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\ge3\left(a^2bc+ab^2c+abc^2\right)=3abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwwarz ta có:
\(\frac{\left(ac\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{\left(bc\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{\left(ca\right)^2}{abc\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2}{2abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Bài toán được chứng minh xong. Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Bài này cần chú ý: \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}-3=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}+\frac{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{ac}\)
Và \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(a+b+2c\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Thêm 3 vào 2 vế ta cần chứng minh:
\(\frac{2}{1-a}+\frac{2}{1-b}+\frac{2}{1-c}\le2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{3}{2}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}+\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}\le\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{3}{2}\) (chia hai vế cho 2 và chú ý 1 =a + b + c)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{2}+\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\le\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}-\frac{3}{2}\le\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{\left(a+b+2c\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}+\frac{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{ac}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(\frac{1}{ab}-\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{ac}-\frac{a+b+2c}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\ge0\)
Quy đồng mỗi cái ngoặc to phía sau là thấy nó > 0:D
Giả sử c = min{a,b,c} như vậy (a-c)(b-c)\(\ge0\) chúng ta có đpcm.
Is that true?
WLOG \(b=mid\left\{a,b,c\right\}\). Áp dụng một bổ đề trong một bài giải của alibaba nguyễn trong câu hỏi của Neet ở học 24. Mọi người có thể tự chứng minh để nhớ lâu hoặc ai cần có thể hỏi ổng
\(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}+1\) với a,b,c>0
Khi đó ta cần chứng minh \(2\left(\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}\right)+2\ge\frac{2a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{2b+c+a}{c+a}+\frac{2c+a+b}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{b+c}+\frac{b+c}{a+b}-\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}-\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{b}{c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a+c+2b\right)}{2\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge0\)*đúng với \(b=mid\left\{a,b,c\right\}\)*
\(1-\frac{a}{a+1}=\frac{1}{1+a}=\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{d}{d+1}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
cmtt rồi nhân 3 cái lại vs nhau => đpcm
\(VT=\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{a+b}+\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{b+c}+\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki: \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2\sqrt{ab}}+\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2\sqrt{bc}}+\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}}{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Câu 1: Đặt \(S=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(1-x\right)\left(x+1\right)}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{\left(1-y\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\)
\(\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(3-3x\right)\left(x+1\right)}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{\left(3-3y\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(\sqrt{\left(3-3x\right)\left(x+1\right)}\le\frac{3-3x+x+1}{2}=\frac{4-2x}{2}=2-x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(3-3x\right)\left(x+1\right)}}\ge\frac{x}{2-x}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{y}{\sqrt{\left(3-3y\right)\left(y+1\right)}}\ge\frac{y}{2-y}\)
Từ đó: \(\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\frac{x}{2-x}+\frac{y}{2-y}=\frac{x^2}{2x-x^2}+\frac{y^2}{2y-y^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schwarz: \(\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\frac{x^2}{2x-x^2}+\frac{y^2}{2y-y^2}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2\left(x+y\right)-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=\frac{1}{2-\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\frac{x^2+y^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{S}{\sqrt{3}}\ge\frac{1}{2-\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow S\ge\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{3}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}\)(ĐPCM).
Dấu bằng có <=> \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\).
Câu 4: Sửa đề CMR: \(abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}+\frac{1}{1+d}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}=\left(1-\frac{1}{1+b}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+c}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+d}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}=\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}+\frac{d}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)(AM-GM)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)\(;\frac{1}{1+c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
Nhân 4 BĐT trên theo vế thì có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(abcd\right)^3}{\left[\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)\right]^3}}\)
\(=81.\frac{abcd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow81.abcd\le1\Leftrightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu "=" có <=> \(a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{3}\).
Ẹt số xui đưa link cũng bị duyệt
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{d+1}=1-\frac{d}{d+1}\ge\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}}\). TƯơng tự cho 3 BĐT còn lại
\(\frac{1}{a+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}};\frac{1}{b+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}};\frac{1}{c+1}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}}\)
Nhân theo vế 4 BDT trên ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge81\sqrt[3]{\left(\frac{abcd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\right)^3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\ge\frac{81abcd}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\left(d+1\right)}\)
Hay ta có ĐPCM
3a) ta có \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}=a-\frac{ab}{a+b}>=a-\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}=a-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)
vì \(a,b>0,a+b>=2\sqrt{ab}nên\frac{ab}{a+b}< =\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}\)
tương tự \(\frac{b^2}{b+c}=b-\frac{bc}{b+c}>=b-\frac{bc}{2\sqrt{bc}}=b-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}\)
tương tự \(\frac{c^2}{c+a}=c-\frac{ca}{c+a}>=c-\frac{ca}{2\sqrt{ca}}=c-\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}\)
cộng từng vế BĐT ta được \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}>=a+b+c-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}}{2}\left(1\right)\)
giả sử \(\frac{2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}}{2}>=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
<=> \(2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}>=a+b+c\)
<=> \(a+b+c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}>=0\)
<=> \(2a+2b+2c-2\sqrt{ab}-2\sqrt{bc}-2\sqrt{ca}>=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2>=0\)
(đúng với mọi a,b,c >0) (2)
(1),(2)=> \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}>=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đề sai rồi
Nếu giả sử a = b =c = d = 2 thì
\(\frac{2}{2+1}+\frac{2}{2+1}+\frac{2}{2+1}+\frac{2}{2+1}=\frac{8}{3}>2\)