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Xét \(VT=a+2b+c=1+b\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AG-GM:
\(4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-c\right)\le\left(1-a+1-c\right)^2=\left(2-a-c\right)^2=\left(1+a+b+c-a-c\right)^2=\left(1+b\right)^2\left(2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le\left(1-b\right)\left(1+b\right)^2\)
Mà \(\left(1-b\right)\left(1+b\right)^2-\left(1-b\right)=\left(1+b\right)\left(1-b^2-1\right)=-b^2\left(1+b\right)\le0,\forall b\ge0\)
Do đó \(\left(1-b\right)\left(1+b\right)^2\le1+b\left(3\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\left(3\right)\) ta có ĐPCM
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=c=\dfrac{1}{2};b=0\)
Do \(-1\le a;b;c\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)+\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-abc-a-b-c+ab+bc+ca+1+abc+b+c+c+ab+bc+ca\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+2\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\le2\)
Mà \(\left|a\right|;\left|b\right|;\left|c\right|\le1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^4\le a^2\\b^6\le b^2\\c^8\le c^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^6+c^8\le a^2+b^2+c^2\le2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(-1;0;1\right)\) và các hoán vị
Ta có \(a+b+c=abc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{abc}=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}=1\)
Lại có \(\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2^2=\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}=2\) (đpcm)
Vì a, b, c không âm và có tổng bằng 1 nên 0 ≤ a , b , c ≤ 1 ⇒ a ( 1 − a ) ≥ 0 b ( 1 − b ) ≥ 0 c ( 1 − c ) ≥ 0 ⇒ a ≥ a 2 b ≥ b 2 c ≥ c 2 ⇒ 5 a + 4 ≥ a 2 + 4 a + 4 = ( a + 2 ) 2 = a + 2 T ư ơ n g t ự : 5 b + 4 ≥ b + 2 ; 5 c + 4 ≥ c + 2 ⇒ 5 a + 4 + 5 b + 4 + 5 c + 4 ≥ ( a + b + c ) + 6 = 7 ( đ p c m )
Ta có a+b+c=0 => \(a+b=-c\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)=3ab\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)
\(a^6+b^6+c^6=\left(a^3\right)^2+\left(b^3\right)^2+\left(c^3\right)^2=\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2-2\left(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3\right)\)
\(ab+bc+ca=0\Rightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=3a^2b^2c^2\)
Do đó: \(a^6+b^6+c^6=\left(3abc\right)^2-2\cdot3a^2b^2c^2=3a^2b^2c^2\)
Vậy \(\frac{a^6+b^6+c^6}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{3a^2b^2c^2}{3abc}=abc\left(đpcm\right)\)
Thấy : \(a;b;c\ge0;a+b+c=1\) \(\Rightarrow1-a;1-b;1-c\ge0\)
AD BĐT AM - GM ta được : \(4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-c\right)\le\left(2-a-c\right)^2=\left[2-\left(1-b\right)\right]^2=\left(b+1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow4\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)\le\left(1-b\right)\left(b+1\right)^2=\left(1-b^2\right)\left(b+1\right)\le1.\left(b+1\right)=b+1=b+\left(a+b+c\right)=a+2b+c\)
( đpcm )
Từ giả thiết a ≤ 1 , b ≤ 1 , c ≤ 1 ta có a 4 ≤ a 2 , b 6 ≤ b 2 , c 8 ≤ c 2 . Từ đó a 4 + b 6 + c 8 ≤ a 2 + b 2 + c 2
Lại có: a − 1 b − 1 c − 1 ≤ 0 v à a + 1 b + 1 c + 1 ≥ 0 nên
a + 1 b + 1 c + 1 − a − 1 b − 1 c − 1 ≥ 0 ⇔ 2 a b + 2 b c + 2 c a + 2 ≥ 0 ⇔ − 2 a b + b c + c a ≤ 2
Hơn nữa a + b + c = 0 ⇔ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = − a b + b c + c a ≤ 2
⇒ a 4 + b 6 + c 8 ≤ 2