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a, Đặt \(\frac{a}{2}=\frac{b}{3}=\frac{c}{5}=k\)\(\Rightarrow a=2k\); \(b=3k\); \(c=5k\)
Ta có: \(B=\frac{a+7b-2c}{3a+2b-c}=\frac{2k+7.3k-2.5k}{3.2k+2.3k-5k}=\frac{2k+21k-10k}{6k+6k-5k}=\frac{13k}{7k}=\frac{13}{7}\)
b, Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2a-1}=\frac{2}{3b-1}=\frac{3}{4c-1}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2a-1}{1}=\frac{3b-1}{2}=\frac{4c-1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{1}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{2\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{12}=\frac{3\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{2.12}=\frac{4\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{3.12}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{6}=\frac{\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{8}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{3\left(a-\frac{1}{2}\right)}{18}=\frac{2\left(b-\frac{1}{3}\right)}{16}=\frac{\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}}{18}=\frac{2b-\frac{2}{3}}{16}=\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-\left(c-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{18+16-9}=\frac{3a-\frac{3}{2}+2b-\frac{2}{3}-c+\frac{1}{4}}{25}\)
\(=\frac{\left(3a+2b-c\right)-\left(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right)}{25}=\left(4-\frac{23}{12}\right)\div25=\frac{25}{12}\times\frac{1}{25}=\frac{1}{12}\)
Do đó: +) \(\frac{a-\frac{1}{2}}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{6}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow a=1\)
+) \(\frac{b-\frac{1}{3}}{8}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{8}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow b=1\)
+) \(\frac{c-\frac{1}{4}}{9}=\frac{1}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{9}{12}\)\(\Rightarrow c=1\)
Có: \(\frac{a}{1+ab}=\frac{b}{1+bc}=\frac{c}{1+ac}\)
Vì a, b, c đôi một khác nhau nên suy ra a, b, c khác 0.
=> \(\frac{1+ab}{a}=\frac{1+bc}{b}=\frac{1+ac}{c}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{a}+b=\frac{1}{b}+c=\frac{1}{c}+a\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}+b=\frac{1}{b}+c\\\frac{1}{b}+c=\frac{1}{c}+a\\\frac{1}{c}+a=\frac{1}{a}+b\end{cases}}\)=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b-a}{ab}=c-b\\\frac{c-b}{bc}=a-c\\\frac{a-c}{ac}=b-a\end{cases}}\)
Nhân vế theo vế ta có: \(\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}{ab.bc.ac}=\left(c-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-a\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{a^2b^2c^2}=1\)
=> \(\left(abc\right)^2=1\)
=> \(M=abc=\pm1\)
\(Q=\frac{1}{a+ab+1}+\frac{1}{b+bc+1}+\frac{1}{c+ac+1}\)
\(=\frac{1.c}{\left(a+ab+1\right)c}+\frac{1.ac}{\left(b+bc+1\right).ac}+\frac{1}{c+ac+1}\)
\(=\frac{c}{ac+abc+c}+\frac{ac}{abc+abc^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c+ac+1}\)
\(=\frac{c}{ac+1+c}+\frac{ac}{1+c+ac}+\frac{1}{c+ac+1}\)
\(=\frac{c+ac+1}{c+ac+1}=1\)
