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\(VT=\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}-4\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+2+4+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT=\left(2-\frac{a}{b}-\frac{b}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)-2\)
Theo Cosi có \(\frac{a}{b},\frac{b}{a}\) là hai số nghịch đảo nên \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)-2\ge0\)
Vậy VT >= 0 với a,b khác 0
Đặt \(\left(\frac{a-b}{c},\frac{b-c}{a},\frac{c-a}{b}\right)\rightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)\)
Khi đó:\(\left(\frac{c}{a-b},\frac{a}{b-c},\frac{b}{c-a}\right)\rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x},\frac{1}{y},\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(P\cdot Q=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3+\frac{y+z}{x}+\frac{z+x}{y}+\frac{x+y}{z}\)
Mặt khác:\(\frac{y+z}{x}=\left(\frac{b-c}{a}+\frac{c-a}{b}\right)\cdot\frac{c}{a-b}=\frac{b^2-bc+ac-a^2}{ab}\cdot\frac{c}{a-b}\)
\(=\frac{c\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a-b\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)}=\frac{c\left(c-a-b\right)}{ab}=\frac{2c^2}{ab}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{x+z}{y}=\frac{2a^2}{bc}\left(2\right)\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{z}=\frac{2b^2}{ac}\left(3\right)\)
Từ ( 1 );( 2 );( 3 ) ta có:
\(P\cdot Q=3+\frac{2c^2}{ab}+\frac{2a^2}{bc}+\frac{2b^2}{ac}=3+\frac{2}{abc}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
Ta có:\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
Khi đó:\(P\cdot Q=3+\frac{2}{abc}\cdot3abc=9\)
ta có BĐT x^2+y^2+z^2>=xy+xz+yz(luôn đúng)
từ đó (2ab)^2/(a^2+b^2)^2+a^2/b^2+b^2/a^2
>=(2ab/(a^2+b^2))^2+(a/b)^2+(b/a)^2
>=2a^2b/(a^2+b^2)b+2ab^2/(a^2+b^2)a+ab/ab
>=2a^2/(a^2+b^2)+2b^2/(a^2+b^2)+1
>=2(a^2+b^2)/(a^2+b^2)+1
>=2+1
>=3(đpcm)
\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b}{2}+\frac{b+c}{4}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{b\left(b+c\right)}.\frac{b}{2}.\frac{b+c}{4}}=\frac{3}{2}a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}a-\frac{1}{2}b-\frac{1}{4}\left(b+c\right)=\frac{3}{2}a-\frac{3}{4}b-\frac{1}{4}c\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\frac{b^3}{c\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}b-\frac{3}{4}c-\frac{1}{4}a;\frac{c^3}{a\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{3}{2}c-\frac{3}{4}a-\frac{1}{4}b\)
Cộng theo vế 3 bđt ta được đpcm
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=0\)
Xét : \(a^3+b^3+c^3=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-3\left(a+b\right).\left(b+c\right).\left(c+a\right)=-3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\) luôn chia hết cho 3
ban chuyen ve tao hang dang thuc thu 2 . sau do dung co si hoac bunhia ngc .( neu dung cosi thi them tri tuyet doi , con d amung bunhia thi ko lo duong hay am
Xét hiệu: \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}+4-3\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)^2+2-3\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}=A\) , (1) trở thành: \(A^2-3A+2=A^2-A-2A+2=A\left(A-1\right)-2\left(A-1\right)=\left(A-1\right)\left(A-2\right)\)
+Nếu a,b cùng dấu ,ta có: \(A=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\) \(\ge2\) (c/m = biến đổi tương đương)
Do đó \(\left(A-1\right)\left(A-2\right)\ge0\),Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b
+Nếu a,b trái dấu ,ta có: \(A=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\le-2\)
do đó \(\left(A-1\right)\left(A-2\right)\ge0\),Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=-b
Từ đó suy ra đpcm
Ta có: \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}-3\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+4\)
\(=\left(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}+2\right)-2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+2\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)^2-2\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+2\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{ab}.\frac{a^2+b^2-ab}{ab}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2\left[\left(a-\frac{b}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}b^2\right]}{a^2b^2}\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}-3\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+4\ge0\left(đpcm\right)\)