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\(nAl=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(nHCl=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
2 6 2 3 (mol)
0,2 0,6 0,2 0,3 (mol)
LTL : 0,3 / 2 > 0,6/6
=> Al dư sau pứ , HCl đủ vs pứ
\(mAl_{\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
\(mAlCl_3=0,2.98=19,6\left(g\right)\)
\(H_2+CuO\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
1 1 1 1 (mol)
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 (mol)
=> \(mCu=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\
n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,6}{6}\)
=> Al dư HCl hết
theo pthh : \(n_{Al\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al\left(d\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
theo pthh : \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)
theo pthh : \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
pthh: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}H_2O+Cu\)
0,3 0,3
\(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\)
1.
a) \(2Al+6HCl-->2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0.6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0.6=0,2mol< 0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> Al dư => dư 0,1(mol)=> \(m_{\left(dư\right)}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) => \(m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
d) \(n_{H_2}=n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2-->Cu+H_2O\)
=> \(n_{CuO}=n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) => \(m_{CuO}=0,6.80=48\left(g\right)\)
a,\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=200.10,95\%=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,6 0,3
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,6}{6}\) ⇒ Al dư, HCl pứ hết
\(m_{H_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(g\right)\)
b,
PTHH: CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,3 0,3
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=0,3.80=24\left(g\right)\)
a)
n Al = 10,8/27 = 0,4(mol)
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
n H2 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)n Al = 0,6(mol)
=> V H2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)
b) n AlCl3 = n Al = 0,4(mol)
=> m AlCl3 = 0,4.133,5 = 53,4(gam)
c) n CuO = 16/80 = 0,2(mol)
CuO + H2 \(\xrightarrow{t^o}\) Cu + H2O
n CuO = 0,2 < n H2 = 0,6 => H2 dư
n H2 pư = n Cu = n CuO = 0,2 mol
Suy ra:
m H2 dư = (0,6 -0,2).2 = 0,8(gam)
m Cu = 0,2.64 = 12,8(gam)
a) nAl=0,4(mol)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
nH2= 3/2 . nAl=3/2 . 0,4=0,6(mol)
=>V(H2,đktc)=0,6 x 22,4= 13,44(l)
b) nAlCl3= nAl=0,4(mol)
=>mAlCl3=133,5 x 0,4= 53,4(g)
c) nCuO=0,2(mol)
PTHH: CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O
Ta có: 0,2/1 < 0,6/1
=> H2 dư, CuO hết, tính theo nCuO
=> nH2(p.ứ)=nCu=nCuO=0,2(mol)
=>nH2(dư)=0,6 - 0,2=0,4(mol)
=> mH2(dư)=0,4. 2=0,8(g)
mCu=0,2.64=12,4(g)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
a)\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,6 0,3
\(C_M=\dfrac{0,6}{0,4}=1,5M\)
b)\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,4 0,3 0,3
Sau phản ứng CuO dư và dư \(\left(0,4-0,3\right)\cdot80=8g\)
\(m_{rắn}=m_{Cu}=0,3\cdot64=19,2g\)
a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{0,4}{6}\) => Al hết, HCl dư
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,1--->0,3------>0,1---->0,15
=> mHCl = (0,4 - 0,3).36,5 = 3,65 (g)
b) VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 < 0,4 ( mol )
0,1 0,3 0,15 ( mol )
a. Chất còn dư là HCl
\(m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=\left(0,4-0,3\right).36,5=3,65g\)
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
nH2SO4=0,5(mol)
nZn=0,2(mol)
a) PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
ta có: 0,5/1 > 0,2/1
=> Zn hết, H2SO4 dư, tính theo nZn
b) m(H2SO4 dư)= (0,5-0,2).98=29,4(g)
c) nH2= nZn=0,2(mol)
=>V(H2,đktc)=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3(mol);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,6}{6}\Rightarrow Al\text { dư}\\ n_{Al(dư)}=0,3-\dfrac{0,6}{3}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al(dư)}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ c,n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,2(mol)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7(g)\\ d,V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)\)