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Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{CO_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+y=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
Mà: dY/H2 = 6,25
\(\Rightarrow2x+44y=6,25.2.0,4\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2}\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{CO_2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m=m_{Al}+m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,2.27+0,1.106=16\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
a, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=3n_{Al}+6n_{Al_2O_3}=1,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=1,2.36,5=43,8\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}+2n_{Al_2O_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,4.133,5=53,4\left(g\right)\)
Sửa đề: Cho \(65g\) kẽm
\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{24,79}{24,79}=1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1.2=2(g)\\ \text {Bảo toàn KL}:m_{HCl}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}-m_{Zn}=136+2-65=73(g)\)
\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{24,79}{24,79}=1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1.2=2(g)\\ \text {Bảo toàn KL: }m_{HCl}+m_{Zn}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=136+24-2=140,5(g)\\ c,PTHH:H_2+CO_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CO+H_2O\\ H_2+Cl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2HCl\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{H_2}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{1};\dfrac{n_{H_2}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{Cl_2}}{1}\) nên sau phản ứng \(H_2\) dư
\(\Rightarrow \begin{cases} n_{CO}=0,5(mol\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Cl_2}=0,7(mol) \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow m_{hh}=m_{CO}+m{HCl}=0,5.28+0,7.36,5=39,55(g)\\ V_{hh}=V_{CO}+V_{HCl}=0,5.22,4+0,7.22,4=26,88(l)\)
\(a.\)
\(GS:\)
\(n_{hh}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{N_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CO_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=1\left(1\right)\)
\(m_A=28a+44b=18\cdot2=36\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):\)
\(a=b=0.5\)
\(\%m_{N_2}=\dfrac{0.5\cdot28}{0.5\cdot28+0.5\cdot44}\cdot100\%=38.89\%\)
\(\%m_{CO_2}=61.11\%\)
\(b.\)
\(\dfrac{n_{N_2}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=\dfrac{1}{1}\)
\(n_{N_2}=n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_A=\dfrac{0.2}{2}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{CO_2}=x\left(mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}=\dfrac{0.1\cdot28+0.1\cdot44+44x}{0.2+x}=20\cdot2=40\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=0.2\)
\(m_{CO_2\left(cầnthêm\right)}=0.2\cdot44=8.8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{\text{khí}}=\frac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5mol\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\left(mol\right)=n_C\\y\left(mol\right)=n_S\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow12x+32y=10\left(1\right)\)
PTHH: \(C+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}CO_2\)
\(S+O_2\rightarrow^{t^o}SO_2\)
Từ phương trình \(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{CO_2}=n_C=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_2}=n_S=y\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow x+y=0,5\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0,3\\y=0,2\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow m_C=12.0,3=3,6g\)
\(\rightarrow m_S=32.0,2=6,4g\)
a. \(M_X=27.M_{H_2}=27.2=54g/mol\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=n_{SO_2}\\y=n_{CO_2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\rightarrow M_X=\frac{64x+44y}{x+y}=54\)
\(\rightarrow64x+44y=54x+54y\)
\(\rightarrow10x=10y\)
\(\rightarrow x=y\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{SO_2}=\frac{64x}{64x+44y}.100\%=\frac{64x}{64x+44x}.100\%=59,26\%\)
\(\rightarrow\%m_{CO_2}=100\%-59,26\%=40,74\%\)
b. PTHH: \(SO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaSO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
\(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)
\(n_{CO_2}=n_{SO_2}\rightarrow V_{SO_2}=V_{CO_2}=\frac{1}{2}V_X=\frac{1}{2}.8,96=4,48l\)
\(\rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{SO_2}=\frac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
Theo các phương trình, có:
\(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=n_{SO_2}=N_{CaSO_3}=0,2mol\)
\(\rightarrow m_{CaSO_3}=0,2.120=24g\) và \(m_{CaCO_3}=0,2.100=20g\)
Khối lượng kết tủa là: \(m=m_{CaSO_3}=m_{CaCO_3}=20+24=44g\)
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,5\cdot24}{16}=75\%\) \(\Rightarrow\%m_{MgO}=25\%\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=\dfrac{16\cdot25\%}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}+2n_{MgO}=1,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,2\cdot36,5}{20\%}=219\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,5\cdot2=1\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCl_2}=0,6\cdot95=57\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{hhA}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=234\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{57}{234}\cdot100\%\approx24,36\%\)
Cho mình hỏi ở cái PTHH ấy! sao ta không tính số mol ở dưới??
a) Gọi $n_{CO_2} = a(mol) ; n_{SO_2} = b(mol)$
Ta có :
$a + b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)$
$\dfrac{44a + 64b}{a + b} = 27.2$
Suy ra : a = b = 0,2$
$V_{CO_2} = V_{SO_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)$
b) Theo PTHH : $n_{K_2SO_3} = n_{SO_2} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{K_2SO_3} = 0,2.158 = 31,6(gam)$
Gọi $n_{K_2CO_3} = x(mol) ; n_{Na_2CO_3} = y(mol)$
$\Rightarrow 138x + 106y + 31,6 = 56(1)$
$n_{CO_2} = x + y = 0,2(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : x = y = 0,1
$m_{K_2CO_3} = 0,1.138 = 13,8(gam) ; m_{Na_2CO_3} = 0,1.106 = 10,6(gam)$