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\(n_{K_2CO_3}=\dfrac{200.13,8\%}{100\%.138}=0,2(mol)\\ a,K_2CO_3+2HCl\to 2KCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ b,n_{CO_2}=n_{K_2CO_3}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)\\ c,n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{14,6\%}=100(g)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18.25}{36.5}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0.5=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.25\cdot24=6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.25\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)
\(c.\)
\(V_{H_2\left(tt\right)}=5.6\cdot90\%=5.04\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Mg+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{CH_3COOH}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=142.0,2=28,4\left(g\right)\\ d,m_{ddCH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,4.60.100}{12}=200\left(g\right)\)
Câu 1:
a. PTHH: MgCl2 + HCl ---x--->
CaCO3 + 2HCl ---> CO2↑ + H2O + CaCl2 (1)
b. Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{CO_2}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Đổi 400ml = 0,4 lít
=> \(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,4}=1,5M\)
c. PTHH: HCl + NaOH ---> NaCl + H2O (2)
Vậy chất tác dụng với nước bắp cải tím là NaCl (muối ăn.)
Vậy dung dịch sau phản ứng làm nước bắp cải tím thành màu xam lam đậm.
Câu 2:
a. PTHH: CuO + H2SO4 ---> CuSO4 + H2O
b. Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lại có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{m_{H_2SO_4}}{100}.100\%=19,6\%\)
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\)
Vậy H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{CuSO_4}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{dd_{CuSO_4}}=8+100=108\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C_{\%_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{16}{108}.100\%=14,81\%\)
a)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$FeO + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2O$
b)
Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)$
$m_{FeO} = 12 - 8,4 = 3,6(gam)$
$n_{FeO} =0,05(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} + 2n_{FeO} = 0,4(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,4}{2} = 0,2(lít)$
c) $Fe + CuSO_4 \to FeSO_4 + Cu$
$n_{Cu} = n_{Fe} = 0,15(mol) \Rightarrow m_{chất\ rắn} = m_{FeO} + m_{Cu}$
$= 3,6 + 0,15.64 = 13,2(gam)$
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Zn+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\\ b,n_{H_2}=n_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{CH_3COOH}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ b,V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=24,79.0,3=7,437\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=0,3.183=54,9\left(g\right)\\ d,C_2H_5OH+CH_3COOH\rightarrow CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\\ n_{Este\left(LT\right)}=n_{CH_3COOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{este\left(TT\right)}=80\%.0,6=0,48\left(mol\right)\\ m=m_{este\left(TT\right)}=88.0,48=42,24\left(g\right)\)
a) $Al_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2O$
b) $n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{15,3}{102} = 0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{AlCl_3} =0,15.2 = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{AlCl_3} =0,3.133,5 = 40,05(gam)$
c) $n_{HCl}= 6n_{Al_2O_3} = 0,9(mol)$
$C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,9}{0,3} = 3M$
Số mol của nhôm oxit
nAl2O3= \(\dfrac{m_{Al2O3}}{M_{Al2O3}}=\dfrac{15,3}{102}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : Al2O3 + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O\(|\)
1 3 1 3
0,15 0,45 0,15
b) Số mol của muối nhôm sunfat
nAl2(SO4)3 = \(\dfrac{0,15.1}{1}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Khối lượng của muối nhôm sunfat
mAl2(SO4)3 = nAl2(SO4)3 . MAl2(SO4)3
= 0,15 . 342
= 51,3 (g)
c) Số mol của axit sunfuric
nH2SO4 = \(\dfrac{0,15.3}{1}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
300ml = 0,3l
Nồng độ mol của axit sunfuric đã phản ứng
CMH2SO4 = \(\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,45}{0,3}=1,5\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15mol\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl2 + H2
TL: 1 2 1 1
mol: 0,15 \(\rightarrow\) 0,3 \(\rightarrow\) 0,15 \(\rightarrow\) 0,15
Đổi \(100ml=0,1l\)
\(b.C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{n}{V_{dd}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,1}=3M\)
\(c.V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,15.22,4=33,6l\)
d. Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=0,15mol\)
PTHH: H2 + CuO \(\rightarrow\) Cu + H2O
TL: 1 1 1 1
mol: 0,15 \(\rightarrow\) 0,15 \(\rightarrow\) 0,15 \(\rightarrow\) 0,15
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{20}{80}=0,25mol\)
Lập tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{H_2}}{1}:\dfrac{n_{CuO}}{1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow=\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,25}{1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) H2 hết, CuO dư \(\Rightarrow\) Tính theo H2
\(m_{CuO}=n.M=0,15.64=9,6g\)
a, \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,896}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,08}{0,2}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,04.106}{10}.100\%=42,4\%\\\%m_{NaCl}=57,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCl_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,15\cdot95=14,25\left(g\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=0,3\cdot36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,15\cdot2=0,3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Mg}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=53,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=50\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{10,95}{50}\cdot100\%=21,9\%\)