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1.
a, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,15 0,3
b, Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\) ⇒ Mg pứ hết, HCl dư
\(m_{HCldư}=\left(0,5-0,3\right).36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
c, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
2.
a, \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4P + 5O2 ---to→ 2P2O5
Mol: 0,2 0,25 0,1
b, \(V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c, \(m_{P_2O_5}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
d, \(V_{kk}=5,6.5=28\left(l\right)\)
a) 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,4--->0,6-------------------->0,6
=> VH2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 (l)
c) \(V_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{1}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
d) \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{3}\) => Fe2O3 hết, H2 dư
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,1----------------->0,2
=> mFe = 0,2.56 = 11,2 (g)
a) nAl=0,2(mol)
PTHH: 2 Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2
H2 + CuO -to-> Cu + H2O
nAlCl3= nAl= 0,2(mol)
=> mAlCl3= 133,5. 0,2= 26,7(g)
b) nCu= nH2= 3/2 . 0,2=0,3(mol)
=> mCu= 0,3.64=19,2(g)
(Qua phản ứng nghe kì á, chắc tạo thành chứ ha)
<3
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,12}{56}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
0,02->0,02------------------>0,02
b) \(V_{H_2}=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)
c) \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,02.98}{100}.100\%=1,96\%\)
d) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,8}{80}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
LTL: 0,01 < 0,02 => H2 dư
Theo pthh: nCu = nCuO = 0,01 (mol)
=> mCu = 0,01.64 = 0,64 (g)
\(nMg=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(nH_2SO_4=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
1 1 1 1 (mol)
0,3 0,3 0,3 0,3 (mol)
LTL : 0,5/1 > 0,3/1
=> Mg dư , H2SO4 đủ
\(VH_2=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
m muối là mMgSO4
=> \(m\left(muối\right)=mMgSO_4=0,3.120=36\left(g\right)\)
a) Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
0,1------------------------>0,1
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
c) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) => CuO dư, H2 hết
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,1<--0,1------->0,1
=> mCuO(dư) = (0,15 - 0,1).80 = 4 (g)
mCu = 0,1.64 = 6,4 (g)
a, PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow H_2SO_4+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 1.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,15 0,1
\(\Rightarrow CuO\) dư và dư \(\left(0,15-0,1\right)\cdot80=4g\)
Bài 2.
\(n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1mol\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
0,1 0,125
\(V_{O_2}=0,125\cdot22,4=2,8l\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3mol\)
\(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\)
0,3 0,125 0
0,25 0,125 0,25
0,05 0 0,25
\(\Rightarrow ZnO\) dư và dư \(0,05\cdot81=4,05g\)
Bài 1.
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) ⇒ CuO dư, H2 hết
PTHH: CuO + H2 ---to----> Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,1
\(m_{CuOdư}=\left(0,15-0,1\right).80=4\left(g\right)\)
$a)$
$Mg+H_2SO_4\to MgSO_4+H_2$
$b)$
$n_{Mg}=\frac{2,4}{24}=0,1(mol)$
Theo PT: $n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,1(mol)$
$\to m_{MgSO_4}=0,1.120=12(g)$
$c)$
$CuO+H_2\xrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O$
Theo PT: $n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1(mol)$
$\to m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4(g)$
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{27}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
2Al + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,6 0,9 0,3 0,9
\(\rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,9.22,4=20,16\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{57}{64}=0,890625\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,890625 0,890625
\(H=\dfrac{0,890625}{0,9}=99\%\)
a)
\(Mg + H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = n_{Mg} = \dfrac{3,6}{24} = 0,15(mol)\\ b)\\ CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O\\ n_{Cu} = n_{H_2} = 0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu} = 0,15.64 = 9,6(gam)\)
a, Theo gt ta có: $n_{Mg}=0,15(mol)$
$Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2$
Ta có: $n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,15(mol)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=3,36(l)$
b, $CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O$
Do đó $n_{Cu}=0,15(mol)\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=9,6(g)$