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a) Gọi $n_{Al} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol) \Rightarrow 27a + 56b = 33,4(1)$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{17,92}{22,4} = 0,8(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,2 ; b = 0,5
$\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,2.27}{33,4}.100\% = 16,17\%$
$\%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 16,17\% = 83,83\%$
b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 1,6(mol)$
c) $m_{muối} = m_{hh} + m_{HCl} - m_{H_2} = 33,4 + 1,6.36,5 - 0,8.2 = 90,2(gam)$
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O|\)
1 6 2 3
0,2 1,2 0,4
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe2O3}=27,2-11,2=16\left(g\right)\)
0/0Fe = \(\dfrac{11,2.100}{27,2}=41,18\)0/0
0/0Fe2O3 = \(\dfrac{16.100}{27,2}=58,82\)0/0
b) Có : \(m_{Fe2O3}=16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,4+1,2=1,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{HCl}=\dfrac{1,6}{2}=0,8\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{1,2.2}{6}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{FeCl2}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,8}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
\(C_{M_{FeCl3}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,8}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4<------0,2<-----0,2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,2.65}{21,1}.100\%=61,61\%\\\%m_{ZnO}=100\%-61,61\%=38,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{21,1-0,2.65}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: ZnO + 2HCl ---> ZnCl2 + H2O
0,1---->0,2------>0,1
=> \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,2+0,4\right).36,5}{200}.100\%=10,95\%\)
\(m_{mu\text{ố}i}=m_{ZnCl_2}=\left(0,1+0,2\right).136=40,8\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3}=16\left(g\right)\)
b+c) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+6n_{Fe_2O_3}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{20\%}=182,5\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{FeCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_3}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_3}=0,2\cdot162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{hhA}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=209,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25,4}{209,3}\cdot100\%\approx12,14\%\\C\%_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{32,5}{209,3}\cdot100\%\approx15,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O|\)
1 6 2 3
0,1 0,6 0,2
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Fe2O3}=27,2-11,2=16\left(g\right)\)
b) Có : \(m_{Fe2O3}=16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe2O3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(tổng\right)}=0,4+0,6=1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl}=1.36,5=36,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{36,5.100}{20}=182,5\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{FeCl2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{0,6.2}{6}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{FeCl3}=0,2.162,5=32,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=27,2+182,5-\left(0,2.2\right)=209,3\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{25,4.100}{209,3}=12,14\)0/0
\(C_{FeCl3}=\dfrac{32,5.100}{209,3}=15,53\)0/0
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