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1a)
nH2 = 2.688/22.4 = 0.12 (mol)
M + 2HCl => MCl2 + H2
0.12..............0.12......0.12
MM = 4.8/0.12 = 40
=> M là : Ca
mCaCl2 = 0.12 * 111 = 13.32 (g)
a) Gọi kim loại cần tìm là R
\(n_R=\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2R + 2nHCl --> 2RCln + nH2
\(\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}\)------------>\(\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}\)
=> \(M_{RCl_n}=M_R+35,5n=\dfrac{37,38}{\dfrac{7,56}{M_R}}\)
=> \(M_R=9n\left(g/mol\right)\)
Xét n = 1 => MR = 9(Loại)
Xét n = 2 => MR = 18 (Loại)
Xét n = 3 => MR = 27(g/mol) => R là Al (Nhôm)
b)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{7,56}{27}=0,28\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,28-->0,84--->0,28--->0,42
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,42.22,4=9,408\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,84.36,5=30,66\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{30,66.100}{12}=255,5\left(g\right)\)
c) mdd sau pư = 7,56 + 255,5 - 0,42.2 = 262,22 (g)
=> \(C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{37,38}{262,22}.100\%=14,255\%\)
\(a,n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ PTHH:M_2CO_3+2HCl\to 2MCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ \Rightarrow n_{M_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow M_{M_2CO_3}=\dfrac{15,9}{0,15}=106(g/mol)\\ \Rightarrow M_{M}=\dfrac{106-12-16.3}{2}=23(g/mol)\)
Vậy M là natri (Na)
\(b,n_{HCl}=2n_{CO_2}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,75}=0,4(l)\\ X:NaCl\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,4}=0,75M\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(R+2HCl\rightarrow RCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.1........0.2................0.1\)
\(M_R=\dfrac{13.7}{0.1}=137\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(R:Ba\)
\(200\left(ml\right)=0.2\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.2}=1\left(M\right)\)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2M + 6HCl → 2MCl3 + 3H2
Mol: 0,02 0,06 0,02 0,03
\(M_M=\dfrac{0,54}{0,02}=27\left(g/mol\right)\)
⇒ M là nhôm (Al)
\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,06.36,5.100\%}{500}=0,438\%\)
c) mdd sau pứ = 0,54 + 500 - 0,03.2 = 500,48 (g)
\(C\%_{ddAlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,02.133,5.100\%}{500,48}=0,53\%\)
\(\text{Đ}\text{ặt}:A\\ A+HCl\rightarrow ACl+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_A=n_{ACl_2}=2.n_{H_2}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ M_{ACl}=\dfrac{11,7}{0,2}=58,5\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ M\text{à}:M_{ACl}=M_A+35,5\\ \Rightarrow M_A=23\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A:Natri\left(Na\right)\\ a=23.0,2=4,6\left(g\right)\)
nH2=2,24/22,4=0,1(mol)
2M+2HCl→2MCl+H2
0,2 ← 0,2 ← 0,1
Có 0,2 .(M+35,5)=11,7(gam)
⇒ M=23 ⇒M là Na
mNa=23. 0,2= 4,6 (gam)
nMg = 0,1(mol)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 +H2
nMg = nMgCl2= nH2 = 0,1(mol)
=> mmuối = 9,5(g)
VH2 = 2,24(l)
b) CMHCl = 0,2/0,1=2(M)