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a) PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
b+c)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot98}{30\%}=98\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) PTHH: \(ZnSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow ZnCl_2+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{260\cdot20\%}{208}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,25}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) ZnSO4 còn dư, BaCl2 phản ứng hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnCl_2}=0,25mol=n_{BaSO_4}\\n_{ZnSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05mol\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25\cdot136=34\left(g\right)\\m_{BaSO_4}=0,25\cdot233=58,25\left(g\right)\\m_{ZnSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05\cdot161=8,05\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=0,3\cdot2=0,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{Zn}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}+m_{ddBaCl_2}-m_{BaSO_4}=318,65\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{34}{318,65}\cdot100\%\approx10,67\%\\C\%_{ZnSO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{8,05}{318,65}\cdot100\%\approx2,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgsO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgSO_4}=0,2\cdot120=24\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot98}{294}\cdot100\%\approx6,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2\\ n_{Al}=0,4(mol)\\ a/\\ n_{H_2}=\frac{3}{2}.0,4=0,6(mol)\\ V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44(l)\\ b/\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,6(mol)\\ n_{ddH_2SO_4}=\frac{0,6.98.100}{20}=294(g)\\ c/\\ n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=0,2(mol)\\ C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3}=\frac{0,2.342}{10,8+294-0,6.2}.100\%=22,52\%\)
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=147.10\%=14,7\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{14,7}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,15}{1}\) ⇒ Zn hết, H2SO4 dư
b) \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c) mdd sau pứ = 6,5 + 147 - 0,1.2 = 153,3 (g)
\(C\%_{ddZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.161.100\%}{153,3}=10,502\%\)
\(C\%_{ddH_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,15-0,1\right).98.100\%}{153,3}=3,196\%\)
500ml = 0,5l
\(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Fe}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
d) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{FeCl2}=0,05.127=6,35\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a, \(m_{CH_3COOH}=100.6\%=6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{6}{60}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CH_3COOH+NaHCO_3\rightarrow CH_3COONa+CO_2+H_2O\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaHCO_3}=n_{CH_3COONa}=n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_3COOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaHCO_3}=0,1.84=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 100 + 8,4 - 0,1.44 = 104 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{CH_3COONa}=\dfrac{0,1.82}{104}.100\%\approx7,88\%\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Fe có số mol là \(n_{Fe}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)
\(H_2SO_4\) có số mol là \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\frac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2mol\)
Có \(V=200ml=0,2l\)
\(\rightarrow C_M=\frac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{V_{H_2SO_4}}=\frac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
FeSO\(_4\) có số mol là \(n_{FeSO_4}=\frac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2mol\)
Thể tích của \(FeSO_4\) là \(V_{FeSO_4}=V_{H_2SO_4}\rightarrow C_M=\frac{n}{V}=\frac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
a,\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
b,\(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
c,\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5.100}{3,65}=200\left(g\right)\)
d,\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
e,mdd sau pứ = 6,5+200-0,1.2 = 206,3 (g)
\(C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{13,6.100\%}{206,3}=6,59\%\)
\(a,PTHH:KHCO_3+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2CO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\\ b,n_{KHCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{100}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=2n_{KHCO_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,4\cdot22,4=8,9\left(l\right)\\ c,n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{CO_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4\cdot98=39,2\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{39,2\cdot100\%}{19,6\%}=200\left(g\right)\)