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Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=a>0\\y+1=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)-2\left(b-1\right)\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow a\ge2b\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}\ge2\)
\(A=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}=\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\)
\(A=\left(\dfrac{a}{4b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{a}{b}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{4ab}}+\dfrac{3}{4}.2=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(A_{min}=\dfrac{5}{2}\) khi \(a=2b\) hay \(x+1=2\left(y+1\right)\)
\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\sqrt{1+x^2y^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}\sqrt{1+x^2y^2}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy}+xy}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{16xy}+xy+\frac{15}{16xy}}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{2\sqrt{\frac{1}{16xy}\cdot xy}+\frac{15}{4\left(x+y\right)^2}}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{15}{4}}=\sqrt{17}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tai x=y=1/2
\(P=\frac{y^2z^2}{x\left(y^2+z^2\right)}+\frac{z^2x^2}{y\left(x^2+z^2\right)}+\frac{x^2y^2}{z\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{x\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)}+\frac{1}{y\left(\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)}+\frac{1}{z\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)\rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)\) thì \(a^2+b^2+c^2=1\) Ta cần chứng minh:
\(P=\frac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
\(=\frac{a}{1-a^2}+\frac{b}{1-b^2}+\frac{c}{1-c^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{a\left(1-a^2\right)}+\frac{b^2}{b\left(1-b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2}{c\left(1-c^2\right)}\)
Theo đánh giá bởi AM - GM ta có:
\(a^2\left(1-a^2\right)^2=\frac{1}{2}\cdot2a^2\cdot\left(1-a^2\right)\left(1-a^2\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2a^2+1-a^2+1-a^2}{3}\right)^3=\frac{4}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(1-a^2\right)^2\le\frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{a\left(1-a\right)^2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại ta có ngay điều phải chứng minh
Vì xyz=1\(\Rightarrow x^2\left(y+z\right)\ge2x^2\sqrt{yz}=2x\sqrt{x}\)
Tương tự \(y^2\left(z+x\right)\ge2y\sqrt{y};z^2=\left(x+y\right)\ge2z\sqrt{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}=a;y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}=b;z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}=c\)
\(\Rightarrow x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9};y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9};z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}+\frac{4a+b-2c}{a}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\text{ }\left[4\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-6\right]\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(4.3+2-6\right)=2\)
Min P =2 khi và chỉ khi a=b=c khi va chỉ khi x=y=z=1
Câu 1:
\(M=\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\left(y^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+2=x^2y^2+\frac{1}{256x^2y^2}+\frac{255}{256x^2y^2}+2\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{8}+2+\frac{255}{256x^2y^2}\)
Ta lại có: \(1=x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Leftrightarrow1\ge16x^2y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\frac{17}{8}+\frac{255}{16}=\frac{289}{16}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=1/2
Áp dụng BDT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\ge\frac{1}{3x+3y+2z}\)
CMTT rồi cộng vế với vế ta có.\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\cdot4\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
Đặt \(\frac{1}{x}=a;\frac{1}{y}=b;\frac{1}{z}=c\)
Ta có \(a,b,c>0;a^2+b^2+c^2=1\)
và \(P=\frac{a}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{c}{a^2+b^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{a\left(1-a^2\right)}+\frac{b^2}{b\left(1-b^2\right)}+\frac{c^2}{c\left(1-c^2\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 3 số dương ta có
\(a^2\left(1-a^2\right)^2=\frac{1}{2}.2a^2.\left(1-a^2\right)\left(1-a^2\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2a^2+1-a^2+1-a^2}{3}\right)^3=\frac{4}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(1-a^2\right)\le\frac{2}{3\sqrt{3}}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{a\left(1-a^2\right)}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}a^2\)(1)
Tương tự \(\frac{b^2}{b\left(1-b^2\right)}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}b^2\)(2)
\(\frac{c^2}{c\left(1-c^2\right)}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}c^2\)(3)
từ (1),(2) và (3) ta có \(P\ge\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)
Vậy Min của \(P=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{2}\)Khi x=y=z\(=\sqrt{3}\)
