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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(R+2HCl\rightarrow RCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.1........0.2................0.1\)
\(M_R=\dfrac{13.7}{0.1}=137\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(R:Ba\)
\(200\left(ml\right)=0.2\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.2}{0.2}=1\left(M\right)\)
Gọi kim loại kiềm thổ chung là R.
\(R+2HCl\rightarrow RCl_2+H_2\)
0,25 0,25
\(\Rightarrow M_R=\dfrac{8,15}{0,25}=32,6\)
\(\Rightarrow R_1< 32,6< R_2\)
Mà hai kim loại nằm ở 2 chu kì liên tiếp nên:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}R_1:24\left(Mg\right)\\R_2:40\left(Ca\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(CT:ACO_3\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4.4912}{22.4}=0.2005\left(mol\right)\)
\(ACO_3+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(0.2005.....0.401.....0.2005...0.2005\)
\(M_{ACO_3}=\dfrac{20.05}{0.2005}=100\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=100-60=40\)
\(A:Ca\left(Canxi\right)\)
\(m_{CaCl_2}=0.2005\cdot111=22.2555\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=20.05+100-0.2005\cdot44=111.228\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{22.2555}{111.228}\cdot100\%=20\%\)
a, Ta có: 24nMg + 56nFe = 9,2 (g) (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
BT e, có: 2nMg + 2nFe = 2nH2 = 0,5 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{9,2}.100\%\approx39,13\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx60,87\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\)
\(KL:A\left(II\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ A+2H_2O\rightarrow A\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ n_A=n_{AOH}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{10}{0,25}=40\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A\left(II\right):Canxi\left(Ca=40\right)\\ m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=74.0,25=18,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=10+200-0,25.2=209,5\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{18,5}{209,5}.100\approx8,831\%\)
\(Đặt.kim.loại.kiềm:A\\ 2A+2HCl\rightarrow2ACl+H_2\\ m_{muối}-m_{kl}=m_{Cl^-}\\ \Leftrightarrow m_{Cl^-}=7,45-3,9=3,55\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=n_{Cl^-}=\dfrac{3,55}{35,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_A=n_{ACl}=n_{HCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ a,M_A=\dfrac{3,9}{0,1}=39\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A\left(I\right):Kali\left(K=39\right)\\ b,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{0,1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1.36,5.100}{31,7}=\dfrac{3650}{317}\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3650}{317}}{1,15}\approx10,012\left(g\right)\)
2X + 2H2O => 2XOH + H2
nH2 = 0,015 mol => nX = 2nH2 = 0,03
=> MX= 1,17/0,03 = 39 => Kali
2K+ 2H2O=> 2KOH + H2
KOH + HCl=> KCl + H2O
ta thấy nHCl=nKOH=n K = 0,03
=> C% HCl = \(\frac{0,03.36,5}{200}\) . 100% = 0,5475%
Tks ạ