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\(a,A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_A=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{3,6}{0,15}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow A\left(II\right):Magie\left(Mg=24\right)\\ b,Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,15}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ \Rightarrow Sau.p.ứ:MgCl_2,HCldư\\ n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=95.0,15=14,25\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,15.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\\ m_{chất.sau}=3,65+14,25=17,9\left(g\right)\)
\(a.Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Zn}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,25.65=16,25\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25.136=34\left(g\right)\\ b.FeO+H_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe+H_2O\\ Tacó:n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,25.56=14\left(g\right)\)
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
0,2-----------------------------------0,3
n Al=0,2 mol
=>VH2=0,3.22,4=6,72l
b)
XO+H2-to>X+H2O
0,3-------------0,3
=>0,3=\(\dfrac{19,5}{X}\)
=>X là Zn( kẽm)
a.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
b.\(n_X=\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}\)
\(XO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)X+H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}\) \(\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}\) ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}=0,3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M_X=65\)
=> X là kẽm (Zn)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
a.
\(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
0,25 0,5 0,25 0,25
=> \(M_A=\dfrac{16,25}{0,25}=65\)
Vậy kim loại A là Zn.
b.
\(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5.100}{18,25}=100\left(g\right)\)
c.
\(V_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{m_{dd.HCl}}{D_{dd.HCl}}=\dfrac{100}{1,2}=83\left(ml\right)\)
Đổi: 83 ml = 0,083 (l)
\(CM_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,083}=6M\)
(Nếu V không đổi thì mới tính được CM dd muối sau pứ, còn đề không nói thì mình cũng không biết nữa).
a.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
b.\(XO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)X+H_2O\)
\(n_X=\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}\) mol
\(n_{H_2}=n_X=0,3mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{19,5}{M_X}=0,3\)
\(M_X=65\) ( g/mol )
=> X là kẽm ( Zn )
a, nAl = \(\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2 0,6 0,2 0,3
VH2 = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 (l)
b, PTHH: RO + H2 ---to---> R + H2O
0,3 0,3
=> MR = \(\dfrac{19,5}{0,3}=65\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
=> R là Zn
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---to---> FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,3 0,6 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: H2 + CuO ---to---> Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,3 0,3
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\) ⇒ H2 pứ hết, CuO dư
\(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
0,25 0,25
\(M_A=\dfrac{14}{0,25}=56\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
mà A hóa trị II
=> A là Fe
b)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,25}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}\)
=> Fe dư
\(n_{Fe\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Fe\left(d\right)}=\left(0,25-0,2\right).56=2,8\left(g\right)\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2}=0,2.2=0,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)
0,25 0,25
\(M_A=\dfrac{14}{0,25}=56\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)
mà A hóa trị II => A là Fe
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,25}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}\)
=> Fe dư
\(m_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{saup\text{ư}}=\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe\left(d\right)}=\left(0,25-0,2\right).56=2,8\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,2.2=0,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.=2,8+25,4+0,4=28,6\left(g\right)\)