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b) Ta có: \(a\left(b^2-c^2\right)+b\left(c^2-a^2\right)+c\left(a^2-b^2\right)\)
\(=ab^2-ac^2+bc^2-ba^2+ca^2-cb^2\)
\(=\left(ab^2-cb^2\right)+\left(ca^2-c^2a\right)+\left(bc^2-ba^2\right)\)
\(=b^2\left(a-c\right)+ca\left(a-c\right)+b\left(c^2-a^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b^2+ca\right)-b\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b^2+ca-ba-bc\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(b-a\right)+c\left(a-b\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left[b\left(b-a\right)-c\left(b-a\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
\(1,=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc\\ =\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\\ =\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\\ 2,=a^{10}-a+a^5-a^2+a^2+a+1\\ =a\left(a^3-1\right)\left(a^3+1\right)+a^2\left(a^3-1\right)+\left(a^2+a+1\right)\\ =\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)\left(a^4+a^2+a\right)+\left(a^2+a+1\right)\\ =\left(a^2+a+1\right)\left[\left(a-1\right)\left(a^4+a^2+a\right)+1\right]\\ =\left(a^2+a+1\right)\left(a^5-a^4+a^3-a+1\right)\)
\(3,=a^8+a^7-a^7+a^6-a^6+a^5-a^5+a^4-a^4+a^3-a^3+a^2-a^2+a+1\\ =a^6\left(a^2+a+1\right)-a^5\left(a^2+a+1\right)+a^3\left(a^2+a+1\right)-a^2\left(a^2+a+1\right)+\left(a^2+a+1\right)\\ =\left(a^2+a+1\right)\left(a^6-a^5+a^3-a^2+1\right)\)
\(4,=a^8+a^7-a^6+a^6+1=a^6\left(a^2+a+1\right)-\left(a^3-1\right)\left(a^3+1\right)\\ =\left(a^2+a+1\right)\left[a^6-\left(a-1\right)\left(a^3+1\right)\right]\\ =\left(a^2+a+1\right)\left(a^6-a^4-a+a^3-1\right)\)
\(5,=\left(a^{16}+2a^8b^8+b^{16}\right)-a^8b^8=\left(a^4+b^4\right)^2-\left(a^4b^4\right)^2\\ =\left(a^4+b^4-a^4b^4\right)\left(a^4+b^4+a^4b^4\right)\\ 6,=\left(a^2+8a+7\right)\left(a^2+8a+15\right)+15\\ =\left(a^2+8a+11\right)^2-16+15\\ =\left(a^2+8a+11\right)^2-1\\ =\left(a^2+8a+10\right)\left(a^2+8a+12\right)\)
Câu 7 mình làm riêng nhé
\(7,=8x^3y^2+4x^2y^3+y^2z^3-y^3z^2+x^2z^2\left(2x+z\right)\\ =\left(8x^3y^2+y^2z^3\right)+\left(4x^2y^3-y^3z^2\right)+x^2z^2\left(2x+z\right)\\ =y^2\left(2x+z\right)\left(4x^2-2xz+z^2\right)+y^3\left(2x-z\right)\left(2x+z\right)+x^2z^2\left(2x+z\right)\\ =\left(2x+z\right)\left(4x^2y^2-2xyz+y^2z^2+2xy^3-2y^3z+x^2z^2\right)\)
Từ đây chịu thôi ;-;
\(A=x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+y\left(z^2-x^2\right)+z\left(x^2-y^2\right)=x\left(y^2-z^2\right)+y\left(-y^2+z^2-x^2+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-y^2\right)=\left(y^2-z^2\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(z-y\right)=\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(x-y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(y-z\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z-x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\)
\(B=a\left(b^3-c^3\right)+b\left(c^3-a^3\right)+c\left(a^3-b^3\right)=ab^3-ac^3+bc^3-a^3b+a^3c-b^3c=ab\left(b^2-a^2\right)-c^3\left(a-b\right)+c\left(a^3-b^3\right)=-ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)-c^3\left(a-b\right)+c\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(-a^2b-ab^2-c^3+a^2c+abc+b^2c\right)\)
ta có: \(x+y+z=a\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow b+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=a^2\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=\frac{a^2-b}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow c\left(xy+yz+xz\right)=xyz\)
Ta có:\(x^3+y^3+z^3=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)+3xyz\)
\(=a\left(b-\frac{a^2-b}{2}\right)+\frac{3c\left(a^2-b\right)}{2}\)
Bài 2:
a) Đặt: x - y =a; y - z = b; z - x = c thì a + b + c = 0
C/M: đẳng thức phụ: a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(a+b=-c\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(a^3+b^3+c^3=a^3+b^3-\left(a+b\right)^3=3abc\)
Vậy \(\left(x-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3=3\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(z-x\right)\)