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a) Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{14,4}{24}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
0,6--->0,6------->0,6----->0,6
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.98=58,8\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 --to--> 2H2O
0,6-->0,3
=> VO2 = 0,3.24,79 = 7,437 (l)
=> Vkk = 7,437.5 = 37,185 (l)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{0,54}{27}=0,02mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{22,05}{98}=0,225mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,02 < 0,225 ( mol )
0,02 0,03 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,03.24,79=0,7437l\)
nMg = 2,88/24 = 0,12 (mol)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,12 ---> 0,12 ---> 0,12 ---> 0,12
mH2SO4 = 0,12 . 98 = 11,76 (g)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 -> (t°) 2H2O
Mol: 0,12 ---> 0,06
Vkk = 0,06 . 5 . 24,79 = 7,437 (l)
Bài 3:
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=0,45.1=0,45\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,45}{3}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{n_{Al}}{2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{muối}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=342.0,1=34,2\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3,25}{65}=0,05\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,12.1=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,12}{2}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đkc\right)}=0,05.24,79=1,2395\left(l\right)\)
a) PTHH: Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
b) Theo ĐLBTKL
\(m_{Mg}+m_{HCl}=m_{MgCl_2}+m_{H_2}\\ =>9,6+300=m_{MgCl_2}+0,8\)
c) Khối lượng MgCl2 thu dc là
\(m_{MgCl_2}=309,6-0,8=308,8\left(g\right)\)
a, PTHH : \(Mg+2HCl -> MgCl_2+H_2\)
b/ Công thức ĐLBTLKL: \(m_{Mg}+m_{HCl}=m_{MgCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)
c/ Áp dụng ĐLBTKL, ta có: \(m_{Mg}+m_{HCl}=m_{MgCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)
\(=> m_{MgCl_2}=(9,6+300)-0,8=308,8(g)\)
Vậy khối lượng \(MgCl_2\) thu được là \(308,8 g \)
a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
_____0,2____0,4___________0,2 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
c, \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
____________0,2__2/15 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{15}.56=\dfrac{112}{15}\left(g\right)\)
Số mol của 13 gam Zn:
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
1 : 2 : 1 : 1 (g)
0,2\(\rightarrow\) 0,4 : 0,2 : 0,2 (mol)
a,Khối lượng của 0,4 mol HCl:
\(m_{HCl}=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
b, Thể tích khí H2:
\(V_{H_2}=n.24,79=0,2.24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
\(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Khối lượng của \(\dfrac{2}{15}\) mol Fe:
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{2}{\dfrac{15}{56}}\approx7,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,15--------------->0,15---->0,15
CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,15------->0,15
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,15.95=14,25\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,15.24,79=3,7195\left(l\right)\\m_{Cu}=0,15.64=9,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,15 0,15 0,15
\(m_{MgCl_2}=0,15.95=14,25\left(g\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=3,36\left(L\right)\\
pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(m_{Cu}=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
a.\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958l\)
b.\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3mol\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
0,3 0,15 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,15.24,79=3,7185l\)
c.\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,05 0,075 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,075.24,79=1,85925l\)