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Bài 13:
1: \(A=-x^2+4x+3\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x-3\right)=-\left(x^2-4x+4-7\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2+7\le7\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2
2: \(B=-\left(x^2-6x+11\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-3\right)^2-2\le-2\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3
Bài 12:
1) A = x2 - 6x + 11
= (x2 - 6x + 9) + 2
= (x - 3)2 + 2
Ta có: (x - 3)2 ≥ 0 ∀ x
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x - 3 = 0 ⇔ x = 3
Do đó: (x - 3)2 + 2 ≥ 2
Hay A ≥ 2
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 3
Vậy Min A = 2 tại x = 3
2) B = x2 - 20x + 101
= (x2 - 20x + 100) + 1
= (x - 10)2 + 1
Ta có: (x - 10)2 ≥ 0 ∀ x
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x - 10 = 0 ⇔ x = 10
Do đó: (x - 10)2 + 1 ≥ 1
Hay B ≥ 1
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x = 10
Vậy Min B = 1 tại x = 10
b: \(=\dfrac{2x^4-2x^3-2x^2-3x^3+3x^2+3x+x^2-x-1}{x^2-x-1}\)
\(=2x^2-3x+1\)
a.
\(1-4x^2=\left(1-2x\right)\left(1+2x\right)\)
b.
\(8-27x^3=\left(2\right)^3-\left(3x\right)^3=\left(2-3x\right)\left(4+6x+9x^2\right)\)
c.
\(27+27x+9x^2+x^3=x^3+3.x^2.3+3.3^2.x+3^3\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)^3\)
d.
\(2x^3+4x^2+2x=2x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=2x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
e.
\(x^2-y^2-5x+5y=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\)
f.
\(x^2-6x+9-y^2=\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
2:
a: \(9x^2-1=\left(3x\right)^2-1=\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)\)
b: \(2\left(x-1\right)+x^2-x\)
\(=2\left(x-1\right)+x\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
c: \(3x^2+14x-5\)
\(=3x^2+15x-x-5\)
\(=3x\left(x+5\right)-\left(x+5\right)=\left(x+5\right)\left(3x-1\right)\)
3:
a: \(2x\left(x-1\right)-2x^2=4\)
=>\(2x^2-2x-2x^2=4\)
=>-2x=4
=>x=-2
b: \(x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)=5\)
=>\(x^2-3x-\left(x^2+x-2\right)=5\)
=>\(x^2-3x-x^2-x+2=5\)
=>-4x=3
=>x=-3/4
c: \(4x^2-25+\left(2x+5\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+5\right)+\left(2x+5\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left(2x+5\right)\left(2x-5+2x+5\right)=0\)
=>4x(2x+5)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
\(a,6x^2-15x^3y\\ b,=-\dfrac{2}{3}x^2y^3+\dfrac{2}{3}x^4y-\dfrac{8}{3}xy\)
Bài 2:
\(a,=20x^3-10x^2+5x-20x^3+10x^2+4x=9x\\ b,=3x^2-6x-5x+5x^2-8x^2+24=24-11x\\ c,=x^5+x^3-2x^3-2x=x^5-x^3-2x\)
Bài 3
a) x² + 10x + 25
= x² + 2.x.5 + 5²
= (x + 5)²
b) 8x - 16 - x²
= -(x² - 8x + 16)
= -(x² - 2.x.4 + 4²)
= -(x - 4)²
c) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1
= x³ + 3.x².1 + 3.x.1² + 1³
= (x + 1)³
d) (x + y)² - 9x²
= (x + y)² - (3x)²
= (x + y - 3x)(x + y + 3x)
= (y - 2x)(4x + y)
e) (x + 5)² - (2x - 1)²
= (x + 5 - 2x + 1)(x + 5 + 2x - 1)
= (6 - x)(3x + 4)
Bài 4
a) x² - 9 = 0
x² = 9
x = 3 hoặc x = -3
b) (x - 4)² - 36 = 0
(x - 4 - 6)(x - 4 + 6) = 0
(x - 10)(x + 2) = 0
x - 10 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0
*) x - 10 = 0
x = 10
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
Vậy x = -2; x = 10
c) x² - 10x = -25
x² - 10x + 25 = 0
(x - 5)² = 0
x - 5 = 0
x = 5
d) x² + 5x + 6 = 0
x² + 2x + 3x + 6 = 0
(x² + 2x) + (3x + 6) = 0
x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) = 0
(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0
x + 2 = 0 hoặc x + 3 = 0
*) x + 2 = 0
x = -2
*) x + 3 = 0
x = -3
Vậy x = -3; x = -2
Bài 1. Tính:
a) \(x^2\left(x-2x^3\right)\)
\(=x^3-2x^5\)
b) \(\left(x^2+1\right)\left(5-x\right)\)
\(=5x^2-x^3+5-x\)
c. \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+3x-4\right)\)
\(=x^3+3x^2-4x-2x^2-6x+8\)
\(=x^3+x^2-10x+8\)
d) \(\left(x-2\right)\left(x-x^2+4\right)\)
\(=x^2-x^3+4x-2x+2x^2-8\)
\(=3x^2-x^3+2x-8\)
e) \(\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+2x\right)\)
\(=x^4+2x^3-x^2-2x\)
f) \(\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(3-x\right)\)
\(=\left(6x^2+4x-3x-2\right)\left(3-x\right)\)
\(=\left(6x^2+x-2\right)\left(3-x\right)\)
\(=18x^2+3x-6-6x^3-x^2+2x\)
\(=17x^2+5x-6-6x^3\)
g) \(\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2+3x-5\right)\)
\(=x^3+3x^2-5x+3x^2+9x-15\)
\(=x^3+6x^2+4x-15\)
h) \(\left(xy-2\right)\left(x^3-2x-6\right)\)
\(=x^4y-2x^2y-6xy-2x^3+4x+12\)
i) \(\left(5x^3-x^2+2x-3\right)\left(4x^2-x+2\right)\)
\(=20x^3-5x^4+10x^3-4x^4+x^3-2x^2+8x^3-2x^2+4x-12x^2+3x-6\)
\(=39x^3-9x^4-16x^2+7x-6\)
Bài 5: Tìm x, biết
1) \(\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-\left(x^2-9\right)-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4-x^2+9-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x+7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x=-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-7}{-4}=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
2) \(4\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-\left(4x^2-1\right)-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-24x+36-4x^2+1-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-24x+27=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-24x=-27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-27}{-24}=\dfrac{9}{8}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{9}{8}\)
4) \(\left(x-4\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-8x+16\right)-\left(x^2-4\right)-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-8x+16-x^2+4-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x+14=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=-14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-14}{-8}=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{7}{4}\)
5) \(9\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x+2\right)=10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-\left(9x^2-4\right)-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2+18x+9-9x^2+4-10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-3}{18}=\dfrac{-1}{6}\)
Vậy \(x=\dfrac{-1}{6}\)
