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1.They are building a new zoo near my village.
A. a new zoo is being built near my village B. a new zoo will be built near my village
C. a new zoo is built near my village D. a new zoo is being building near my village
2.People spend a lot of money on advertising every year.
A.a lot of money is spent on advertising every year. B.a lot of money on advertising is spent every year.
C..a lot of money are spent on advertising every year. D.a lot of money is spending on advertising every year.
3. No one has cleaned the window.
A.The window has been cleaned. B.The window hasn't been cleaned
C.The window haven't been cleaned D.The window has cleaned
4.People say that he was born in London.
A.that is said he was born in London B.it was said that he was born in London
C.he was said he was born in London D.he is said to have been born in London
5.He has never spoken to a foreigner before.
A.this is the first time he spoke to a foreigner B.this is the first time he had spoken to foreigner
C.this is the first time he has spoken to a foreigner D.this is the first time he speaks to a foreigner
6.No sooner had we arrived than the performance began.
A.When we arrived the performance had already started B.the performance had started before we arrived
C.the performance started sooner than we arrived D.hardly had we arrived when the performance began.
Nowadays in the news you can read a lot about biotechnology and the controversies about it and perhaps you ask yourself what it is exactly. Well, this article is going to give you a brief history of the field of biotechnology and show you that, although the word “biotechnology” was first used in 1919, we have been using biotechnology for many thousands of years in ways that are completely uncontroversial. It will also look at the more modern developments which have started intense debate. When you are drinking a cold beer on a hot day, or eating a delicious cheese sandwich, you can thank biotechnology for the pleasure you are experiencing. That’s right! Beer, bread and cheese are all produced using biotechnology. Perhaps a definition will be useful to understand how. A standard definition is that biotechnology (or biotech for short) is the application of science and engineering to the direct or indirect use of living organisms. And as you know, the food and drink above are all produced by the fermentation of micro-organisms. In beer, the yeast multiplies as it eats the sugars in the mixture and turns them into alcohol and CO2. This ancient technique was first used in Egypt to make bread and wine around 4000BC! Antibiotics are used to prevent and treat diseases, especially those caused by bacteria. They are natural substances that are created by bacteria and fungi. The first antibiotic was made in China in about 500BC – to cure boils. In 1928 Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin and it was considered a medical miracle. Modern research is looking at the creation of super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them. Our modern consumer society produces a lot of waste which needs to be disposed of safely and without harmful end products. Environmental biotechnology can help. Indeed, the use of bacteria to treat sewage was first practiced in 1914 in Manchester, England. Vermiculture or using worms to treat waste is another environmentally-friendly practice and the end product is a natural fertiliser. Bacteria have even been developed to help with problems such as oil spills. They convert crude oil and gasoline into non-toxic substances such as carbon dioxide, water and oxygen and help create a cleaner, healthier environment. These examples of biotechnology are accepted by most people. However, the discovery of the DNA structure by Watson and Crick in 1953 was the beginning of the modern era of genetics and the following areas of biotech are very controversial. Read on… The genetic modification of plants and crops has been in practice for many years. This involves changing the genetic code of these plants so that they are more resistant to bad conditions like drought, floods and frost. Supporters of GM food say that it can offer the consumer better quality, safety and taste and for over a decade Americans have been eating GM food. However, things are very different in Europe where genetically modified food is very strictly regulated and regarded with deep suspicion by the public. GM food has even been called “Frankenfood” in the press, a term inspired by the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley. There is a great cultural divide between America and Europe over whether such food is safe to eat and will not harm the environment and the discussion is still in progress. 1997 saw the birth of Dolly the sheep, the first animal cloned from an adult cell. This was a remarkable achievement which created world-wide debate on the ethical issues surrounding cloning. International organisations such as the European parliament, UNESCO and WHO all declared that human cloning is both morally and legally wrong. However, we need to make a distinction between reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning. Nowadays the idea of reproductive cloning – creating a copy of another person - is no longer interesting for researchers. Instead therapeutic cloning is creating excitement in the biotech world. Key to this technique is stem cells, which are master cells that have the potential to become any other kind of cell in the body e.g. nerve cells, blood, heart muscle or even brain cells. Stem cells themselves have generated a lot of controversy as it was believed that only human embryos could provide them. However, it now appears that adult stem cells offer the same possibility. This would mean that a patient who suffered a heart attack could provide doctors with his adult stem cells which could then be implanted back into his heart and used to create heart muscle, replacing the muscle that was damaged. As the genetic code is identical, there would be no problem of the body rejecting the implant as, unfortunately, happens with organ transplants. In the future, biotechnologists hope that stem cells could be used to grow entire organs. In this way biotechnology offers the hope of revolutionising medical treatment. In this brief overview of the history of biotechnology we have jumped from making bread to making human organs - an enormous leap- and it is clear that these modern practices raise many controversial issues. However, despite the debate, we can imagine that as biotechnology has been around for many years, it will still be around for some time to come - but who knows where it will take us?
Questions:
After reading, choose the best answer for the following questions
1. What is the main topic of the article?
Brief history and modern developments of biotechnology
Benefit of biotechnology
Modern research in biotechnology
2. What does the pronoun "IT" in the first paragraph refer to?
Biotechnology
The article
The word "Biotechnology"
3. Which products were first made with fermentation of micro-organisms?
Beer, bread and cheese
Bread and wine
Beer and cheese
Decide whether the statement below is True or False.
4. Alexander Fleming discovered super-antibodies which can kill bacteria and viruses inside the cells that house them.
TrueFalse
5. GM food is easily available in the U.S. and Europe.
TrueFalse
6.Researchers believe that adult stem cells could be used to create body parts.
TrueFalse
Combine each pair of sentences using a relative clause.
1. I have a friend. Her mum is a volunteer worker.
.........I have a friend whose mum is a volunteer worker.....
2. It is a camping shop. It has a lot of good equipment.
......It is a camping shop which has a lot of good equipments........
3. She is the most intelligent woman. I've ever met this woman.
.She is the mose intelligent woman whom I've ever met............
4. This doctor is famous. You visited him yesterday.
.....The doctor whom you visited yesterday is famous.........
5. These children are orphans. She is talking care of these children.
...These children, whom she is taking care of, are orphans............
Use a relative pronoun or relative adverb to combine each pair or sentences below
1: tom has three sister. All of them are married
-> tom has three sisters, all of whom are married
2: i recently went back to Paris. It is still as beatiful as a peal
-> i recently went back to Paris, which is still as beatiful as a pearl
3: i recently went back to Paris. I was born in Paris nealy 50 years ago
-> i recently went back to Paris where I was born nealy 50 years ago4: she is the most intelligent woman. I have ever met this woman
-> she is the most intelligent woman I have ever met
5: This doctor is famous. You visited him yesterday
-> This doctor whom you visited yesterday is famous
6: Do you know the music? It is being phayed on the radio
-> Do you know the music which is being played on the radio ?
7: The polie want to know the hotel. Mr Foster stayed there two weeks ago
-> The police want to know the hotel where Mr Foster stayed two weeks ago
8: Yoy did not tell us the reason. We have to cut down our daily expenses for that reason
-> You did not tell us the reason why we have to cut down our daily expenses
9: The day was rainy. She left on that day
-> The day when she left was rainy
10: The reason has not been told yet. The president will come to that city for this reason
-> The reason why the president will come to that city has not been told yet
11: Phuong Thao is a singer. You like her music best
-> Phuong Thao, whose music you like best, is a singer
12: she coudn't come to the party. This is a pity
-> she coudn't come to the party, which was a pity
13: that man is a artist. I do not remember the man is name
-> That man whose name I don't remember is an artist
WEEK 3 PASSIVE VOICE
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
21. Your shirt needs__________.
A. ironing B.be ironing C. to iron D. iron
22. When you are on duty, your uniform must __________ at all times.
A. wear B. be wear C. be worn D. be wearing
23. Bill __________ to the party tomorrow.
A. will be invited B. will invite
C. will have invited D. will have been invited
24. Vitamin C ________by the human body. It gets into the bloods stream quickly.
A. absorbs easily B. is easily absorbing
C. is easily absorbed D. absorbed easily
25. More than 50 films _________ in HCMC since June.
A. were shown B. had been shown C. have been shown D. have shown
2 6.I have my bicycle_______ by him.
A. repaired B. be repaired C. To repair D. repair
27. A: “ When ________? ” - B: “ In 1928”
A. penicillin was discovered B. did penicillin discovered
C. was penicillin discovered D. did penicillin discover
28. I didn't realize that somebody was recording our conversation.
A. I didn’t realize that our conversation was recorded.
B. I didn't realize that our conversation was being recorded.
C. I didn't realize that our conversation were being recorded.
D. Our conversation wasn't realized to be recorded.
29.People warned us not to go out alone.
A. We were warned not going out alone
B. We are warned not to go out alone.
C. We weren't warned to go out alone.
D. We were warned not to go out alone.
30. The skyscraper is said to have been built in 1930.
A. They said the skyscraper was built in 1930.
B. It was said that the skyscraper was built in 1930.
C. They are said the skyscraper is built in 1930.
D. It is said that the skyscraper was built in 1930.
21. These computers will be _______ in the lesson.
A. used B. use C. using D. be used
- Can’t we do something about the situation?”- “ Something _____ right now.”
A. is doing B. is do C. is being done D. has been doing
- The university ____ by private funds as well as by tuition income.
A. is supported B. supports C. is supporting D. has supported
- My wedding ring _________of yellow and white gold
A. is made B. is making C. made D. making
- My shirt _______ by my sister on my last birthday.
A. gave B. was given C. had been given D.was being given
- This picture _______ by Johnny when I came.
A. painted B. was painted C. was being painted D.had been painted
- It must ______ without delay.
A. do B. have been done C. be doing D. be done
- This exercise may _______ with a pencil.
A. be written B. be to write C. be writing D. write
- The money ______ to him 2 months ago, but it ______ back yet.
A. was lent/ had not been given B. has been lent/ was not given
C. was lent/ has not given D. was lent/ has not been given
- I still can not believe it. My bicycle ______ some minutes ago.
A. was stolen B. was stealing C. stolen D. stole
When is Christmas held
-It is held on 25th December
Do Christians celebrate the death of Christ on Christmas Day
-No,they don't
What do they do on Christian
-They send a lot cards to our friends and family,here and abroad.
Are you a Christian
-No,I am not
Name some festivals you know
-Lim festival,RM festival,...
How do you feel when New Year is coming
-I feel happy when New Year is coming
1) I was too ill to go to school
2) Gordon is less better than i am at this job
3) There were so many customers that i didn't get a break all day
4) This is the most difficult job i've ever done
5) It was such a big hospital that i did not find my cousin's bed
6) i was luckier than Tim and didn't caught cold on holiday
7) You would not have become ill if the fish had been cooked properly
8) You would have got better if you had taken your pills
Bị động đặc biệt :
1. It is said that she work 16 hours a day
-> she is said to work 16 hours a day
2. Someone believed that the president had suffered a heart attack
-> the president was believed to have suffered a heart attack
3. They think that the prisoners escaped by climbing over the wall
-> the prisoners are thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall
4. It is reported that the buildings have been badly damaged by fire
-> the buildings are reported to be badly damaged by fire
5. It is reported that many people are homeless after the floods
-> many people are reported to be homeless after the floods
6. We all expected that marta will pass the exam
-> it was all expected that marta will pass the exam
7. We knew that you are in town on the night of the crime.
-> you were known to be in town on the night of the crime.
8. People believed that he was killed by terrorists
-> he was believed to be killed by terrorists
D