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Ptr có: `\Delta'=(-2)^2-3.(-2)=10 > 0`
`=>` Ptr có `2` `n_o` pb
`=>` Áp dụng Vi-ét có: `{(x_1+x_2=[-b]/a=4/3),(x_1.x_2=c/a=[-2]/3):}`
Có: `A=[3x_1 ^2-2]/[x_1]+[3x_2 ^2-2]/[x_2]`
`A=[x_2(3x_1 ^2-2)+x_1(3x_2 ^2-2)]/[x_1.x_2]`
`A=[3x_1 ^2.x_2-2x_2+3x_1.x_2 ^2-2x_1]/[x_1.x_2]`
`A=[3x_1.x_2(x_1+x_2)-2(x_1+x_2)]/[x_1.x_2]`
`A=[3 . [-2]/3 . 4/3-2 . 4/3]/[[-2]/3]=8`
1. Theo hệ thức Vi-ét, ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\x_1.x_2=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C=\dfrac{x_1}{x_2-1}+\dfrac{x_2}{x_1-1}=\dfrac{x_1\left(x_1-1\right)+x_2\left(x_2-1\right)}{\left(x_1-1\right)\left(x_2-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1^2-x_1+x_2^2-x_2}{x_1x_2-x_1-x_2+1}=\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)}{x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)+1}=\dfrac{\dfrac{22}{9}}{\dfrac{8}{3}}=\dfrac{11}{12}\)
\(1,3x^2+4x+1=0\)
Do pt có 2 nghiệm \(x_1,x_2\) nên theo đ/l Vi-ét ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S=x_1+x_2=\dfrac{-b}{a}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\P=x_1x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có :
\(C=\dfrac{x_1}{x_2-1}+\dfrac{x_2}{x_1-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1\left(x_1-1\right)+x_2\left(x_2-1\right)}{\left(x_2-1\right)\left(x_1-1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1^2-x_1+x_2^2-x_2}{x_1x_2-x_2-x_1+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x_1^2+x_2^2\right)-\left(x_1+x_2\right)}{x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{S^2-2P-S}{P-S+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{3}-\left(-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{12}\)
Vậy \(C=\dfrac{11}{12}\)
Theo hệ thức Viet: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=4\\x_1x_2=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(D=5-\dfrac{x_2}{x_1}-\dfrac{x_1}{x_2}+3=8-\dfrac{x_1^2+x_2^2}{x_1x_2}=8-\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2}{x_1x_2}=8-\dfrac{\left(-4\right)^2-10}{5}=...\)
Theo Vi-et, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-\dfrac{b}{a}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{x_1}{x_1-1}+\dfrac{x_2}{x_2-1}-2022\)
\(=\dfrac{x_1x_2-x_1+x_2x_1-x_2}{\left(x_1-1\right)\left(x_2-1\right)}-2022\)
\(=\dfrac{2\cdot x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)}{x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)+1}-2022\)
\(=\dfrac{2\cdot\dfrac{-1}{2}-\dfrac{5}{2}}{-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{-5}{2}+1}-2022\)
\(=\dfrac{-\dfrac{7}{2}}{-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2}+1}-2022=\dfrac{-7}{6}-2022=-\dfrac{12139}{6}\)
,có \(ac< 0\)=>pt đã cho luôn có 2 nghiệm phân biệt
vi ét \(=>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x1+x2=2\\x1x2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,\(A=\left(x1+x2\right)^2-2x1x2=.....\) thay số tính
b,\(B=\left(x1+x2\right)^3-3x1x2\left(x1+x2\right)=.......\)
c,\(C=x1^{2^2}+x2^{2^2}=\left(x1^2+x2^2\right)^2-2\left(x1x2\right)^2=\left[\left(x1+x2\right)^2-2x1x2\right]^2-2\left(x1x2\right)^2=....\)
\(D=x1x2\left(x1+x2\right)=.....\)
\(x1,x2\ne0=>E=\dfrac{\left(x1+x2\right)^3-3x1x2\left(x1+x2\right)}{x1x2}=...\)
\(F=\sqrt{\left(x1-x2\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(x1+x2\right)^2-4x1x2}=....\)
\(x1,x2\ne-1=>G=\dfrac{\left(x1+x2\right)^2-2x1x2+x1x2}{x1x2+x1+X2+1}=...\)
\(x1,x2\ne0=>H=\left(\dfrac{x1x2+2}{x2}\right)\left(\dfrac{x1x2+2}{x1}\right)=\dfrac{\left(x1x2+2\right)^2}{x1x2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x1x2\right)^2+4x1x2+4}{x1x2}=..\)
Theo viet: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=\dfrac{-b}{a}=\dfrac{1}{1}=1\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=-\dfrac{3}{1}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a
\(A=x_1^2+x_2^2=x_1^2+2x_1x_2+x_2^2-2x_1x_2\)
\(=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2=1^2-2.\left(-3\right)=1+6=7\)
b
\(B=x_1^2x_2+x_1x_2^2=x_1x_2\left(x_1+x_2\right)=\left(-3\right).1=-3\)
c
\(C=\dfrac{1}{x_1}+\dfrac{1}{x_2}=\dfrac{x_2}{x_1x_2}+\dfrac{x_1}{x_1x_2}=\dfrac{x_1+x_2}{x_1x_2}=\dfrac{1}{-3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
d
\(D=\dfrac{x_2}{x_1}+\dfrac{x_1}{x_2}=\dfrac{x_2^2}{x_1x_2}+\dfrac{x_1^2}{x_1x_2}=\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2}{x_1x_2}=\dfrac{1^2-2.\left(-3\right)}{-3}=\dfrac{1+6}{-3}=\dfrac{7}{-3}=-\dfrac{3}{7}\)
Ta nhận thấy tổng các hệ số của pt bậc 2 đã cho là \(1-a+a-1=0\) nên pt này có 1 nghiệm là 1, nghiệm kia là \(a-1\), nhưng do không được giải pt nên ta sẽ làm theo cách sau:
Ta thấy pt này luôn có 2 nghiệm phân biệt. Theo hệ thức Viète:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=a\\x_1x_2=a-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy, \(M=\dfrac{3\left(x_1^2+x_2^2\right)-3}{x_1x_2\left(x_1+x_2\right)}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3\left[\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2\right]-3}{a\left(a-1\right)}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3\left(a^2-2\left(a-1\right)\right)-3}{a\left(a-1\right)}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3\left[\left(a-1\right)^2-1\right]}{a\left(a-1\right)}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3a\left(a+2\right)}{a\left(a-1\right)}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3a+6}{a-1}\)
b) Ta có \(P=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2=a^2-2\left(a-1\right)=\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=1\). Vậy để P đạt GTNN thì \(a=1\)
Ta có: \(\Delta=\left(-10\right)^2-4.3.2=100-24=76>0\)
Suy ra pt luôn có 2 nghiệm phân biệt
Theo Vi-ét:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=\dfrac{10}{3}\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{x_1-1}{x_2}+\dfrac{x_2-1}{x_1}-x_1^2x_2^2\\ =\dfrac{x_1\left(x_1-1\right)+x_2\left(x_2-1\right)}{x_1x_2}-\left(x_1x_2\right)^2\\ =\dfrac{x_1^2-x_1+x_2^2-x_2}{\dfrac{2}{3}}-\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2\\ =\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2-\left(x_1+x_2\right)}{\dfrac{2}{3}}-\dfrac{4}{9}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{10}{3}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{10}{3}}{\dfrac{2}{3}}-\dfrac{4}{9}\\ =\dfrac{83}{9}\)
Theo Vi-ét:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=\dfrac{-5}{3}\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Q=\dfrac{x_1}{x_2+2}+\dfrac{x_2}{x_1+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{x_1\left(x_1+2\right)}{\left(x_2+2\right)\left(x_1+2\right)}+\dfrac{x_2\left(x_2+2\right)}{\left(x_2+2\right)\left(x_1+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{x^2_1+2x_1+x^2_2+2x_2}{x_1x_2+2x_1+2x_2+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{\left(x^2_1+x^2_2\right)+\left(2x_1+2x_2\right)}{x_1x_2+\left(2x_1+2x_2\right)+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2+2\left(x_1+x_2\right)}{x_1x_2+2\left(x_1+x_2\right)+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{\left(-\dfrac{5}{3}\right)^2-2.\dfrac{2}{3}+2\left(\dfrac{-5}{3}\right)}{\dfrac{2}{3}+2\left(\dfrac{-5}{3}\right)+4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\dfrac{-17}{12}\)