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PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(2FeCl_3+Cu\rightarrow CuCl_2+2FeCl_2\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2\cdot\dfrac{16}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=\dfrac{32}{64}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Cu còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuCl_2}=0,1\cdot135=13,5\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,2\cdot127=25,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)
Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
Fe2O3 + 6HCl --> 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
MgCl2 + 2KOH + 2KCl + Mg(OH)2
FeCl3 + 3KOH --> 3KCl + Fe(OH)3
Mg(OH)2 --to--> MgO + H2O
2Fe(OH)3 --to--> Fe2O3 + 3H2O
b) Gọi số mol Mg, Fe2O3 là a, b (mol)
Theo PTHH: \(a=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=a=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{Fe_2O_3\left(chất.rắn.sau.khi.nung\right)}=\dfrac{22-0,15.40}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe_2O_3\left(bđ\right)}=n_{Fe_2O_3\left(chất.rắn.sau.khi.nung\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> b = 0,1 (mol)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,15.24}{0,15.24+0,1.160}.100\%=18,37\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,1.160}{0,15.24+0,1.160}.100\%=81,63\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
2Al+6HCl---->2AlCl3+3H2
Al2o3+6HCl--->2AlCl3+3H2O
Cu+HCl--> không p/u
2Cu + O2---->2CuO
ncuO=2,75/80=0.034375(mol)
Cứ 2 mol Cu---à 2 mol CuO
0.034375<------0.034375
mCu=0,034375.64=2,2(g)
--->%mCu=2,2.100/10=22%
nH2=3,36/22,4=0,15(mol)
cứ 2 mol Al----->3 mol H2
0.1<-----0.15
mAl :0,1.27=2.7(g)
--->%mAl=2,7.100/10=27%
---->%mAl2o3=100%-27%-22%=51%
a) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3-^{t^o}\rightarrow Fe_2O_3+3H_2O\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2-^{t^o}\rightarrow CuO+H_2O\)
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe(OH)3 và Cu(OH)2
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}107x+98y=20,5\\160.\dfrac{x}{2}+80y=16\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> x= 0,1 ; y=0,1
=> \(\%m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.107}{20,5}.100=52,2\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=47,8\%\)
b) \(2Fe\left(OH\right)_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O\)
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+2H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.\dfrac{3}{2}+0,1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsaupu}=20,5+122,5=143\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.400}{143}.100=13,97\%\)
\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.160}{143}.100=11,19\%\)
c) \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05\left(mol\right);n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,05.3+0,1=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{0,25.98}{20\%}=122,5\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{ddH_2SO_4\left(bđ\right)}=122,5.110\%=134,75\left(g\right)\)
\(a/Fe_2O_3+3CO\xrightarrow[]{t^0}2Fe+3CO_2\\ MgO+CO\xrightarrow[]{t^0}Mg+CO_2\\ Al_2O_3+3CO\xrightarrow[]{t^0}2Al+3CO_2\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)
\(b/n_{HCl}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ n_{Fe_2O_3}=a\\ n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=b\\ n_{Al_2O_3}=c\\ n_{Fe}=2a\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}160a+40b+102c=2,22\\56a+24b+27c=1,98\\2.2a+2b+6c=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=\)
đến đây số mol ra âm bạn coi lại đề nhé
