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\(a.M_{C_2H_6O}=12,2+2+16=46\left(đvC\right)\\ \%C=\dfrac{12.2}{46}.100=52,17\%\\ \%H=\dfrac{6}{46}.100=13,04\%\\ \%O=100-52,17-13,04=34,79\%\\ b.n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6.6}{44}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ BTNT\left(C\right):n_{C_2H_6O}.2=n_{CO_2}.1\\ \Rightarrow n_{C_2H_6O}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{C_2H_6O}=0,075.46=3,45\left(g\right)\)
\(a,\%m_C=\dfrac{12.2}{12.2+6.1+16}.100\approx52,174\%\\ \%m_H=\dfrac{6.1}{12.2+6.1+16}.100\approx13,043\%\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{16}{12.2+6.1+16}.100\approx34,783\%\)
\(b,n_C=n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{6,6}{44}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{n_C}{2}=\dfrac{0,15}{2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,075.46=3,45\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCOOH} = a(mol) ; n_{CH_3COOH} =b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 46a + 60b = 15,2(1)\\ HCOOH + NaHCO_3 \to HCOONa + CO_2 + H_2O\\ CH_3COOH + NaHCO_3 \to CH_3COONa + CO_2 + H_2O\\ n_{CO_2} = a + b = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(2)\\ (1)(2) \Rightarrow a = \dfrac{-31}{70}<0\)
(Sai đề)
Sửa đề : Na2CO3
\(n_{HCOOH}=a\left(mol\right),n_{CH_3COOH}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=46a+60b=15.2\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(2HCOOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2HCOONa+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(a......................................0.5a\)
\(2CH_3COOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(b...........................................0.5b\)
\(n_{CO_2}=0.5a+0.5b=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.2,b=0.1\)
\(m_{HCOOH}=0.2\cdot46=9.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CH_3COOH}=6\left(g\right)\)
Chú ý lần sau viết đề cẩn thận hơn nha em ơi !
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(C_2H_5OH+O_2\xrightarrow[]{mengiấm}CH_3COOH+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{115\cdot0,8}{46}=2\left(mol\right)=n_{CH_3COOH\left(lýthuyết\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOH\left(thực\right)}=2\cdot60\cdot90\%=108\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(C_2H_5OH+CH_3COOH\xrightarrow[H_2SO_4\left(đ\right)]{t^o}CH_3COOC_2H_5+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{60}{60}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{92}{46}=2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Rượu còn dư, Axit p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(lýthuyết\right)}=1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CH_3COOC_2H_5\left(thực\right)}=1\cdot88\cdot80\%=70,4\left(g\right)\)
Axit axetic \(CH_3COOH\)
Rượu etylic \(C_2H_5OH\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
\(2CH_3COOH+Mg\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2\)
0,2 0,1
\(m_{CH_3COOH}=0,2\cdot60=12g\)
\(\%m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{12}{20}\cdot100\%=60\%\)
\(\%m_{C_2H_5OH}=100\%-60\%=40\%\)
Bài 4. Axit axetic có công thức C2H402. Hãy tính thành phần phần trăm khối lượng của các nguyên tố trong axit axetic.
Lời giải:
Từ C2H4O2 ta có: M = 60 g/mol; mC = 2 x 12 = 24 g; mH = 4 x 1 = 4 g;
MO = 2 x 16 = 32 g.
%C = (24 : 60) x 100% = 40%; %H = (4 : 60) x 100% = 6,67%;
%O = 100% - 40% - 6,67% = 53,33%.
\(M_{CH_3COOH}=60\)g/mol
\(\%C=\dfrac{24}{60}\cdot100\%=40\%\)
\(\%H=\dfrac{4}{60}\cdot100\%=6,67\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{32}{60}\cdot10\%=53,33\%\)
\(m_C=18\cdot40\%=7,2g\)
\(m_H=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot18=1,2g\)
\(m_O=18-\left(7,2+1,2\right)=9,6g\)
a/
\(\%C=\dfrac{12.2.100}{60}=40\%\)
\(\%H=\dfrac{1.4.100}{60}=6,7\%\)
\(\%O=100-40-6,7=53,3\%\)
b/
\(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{18}{60}=0,3mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}nC=2.0,3=0,6mol\\nH=4.0,3=0,12mol\\nO=2.0,3=0,6mol\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mC=12.0,6=7,2gam\\mH=1.0,12=0,12gam\\mO=16.0,6=9,6gam\end{matrix}\right.\)
c.
\(n_{nước}=\dfrac{1,8}{18}=0,1mol\)
\(n_H=n_{nước}=0,1mol\)
\(mH=0,1.4=0,4gam\)