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Ở tất cả các dạng bài như thế này em chỉ cần ghi nhớ công thức:
\(d(u(x))=u'(x)dx\)
Câu 1)
Ta có \(I_1=\int_{\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} e^{\sin x}\cos xdx=\int _{\frac{\pi}{4}}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}e^{\sin x}d(\sin x)\)
Đặt \(\sin x=t\Rightarrow I_1=\int ^{1}_{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}e^tdt=\left.\begin{matrix} 1\\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right|e^t=e-e^{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}\)
Câu 2)
\(I_2=\int ^{\frac{\pi}{2}}_{\frac{\pi}{4}}e^{2\cos x+1}\sin xdx=\frac{-1}{2}\int ^\frac{\pi}{2}_{\frac{\pi}{4}}e^{2\cos x+1}d(2\cos x+1)\)
Đặt \(2\cos x+1=t\Rightarrow I_2=\frac{-1}{2}\int ^{1}_{1+\sqrt{2}}e^tdt\)
\(=\frac{-1}{2}.\left.\begin{matrix} 1\\ 1+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right|e^t=\frac{-1}{2}(e-e^{1+\sqrt{2}})\)
Câu 3:
Có \(I_3=\int ^{e}_{1}\frac{e^{2\ln x+1}}{x}dx=\int ^{e}_{1}e^{2\ln x+1}d(\ln x)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{e}_{1}e^{2\ln x+1}d(2\ln x+1)\)
Đặt \(2\ln x+1=t\Rightarrow I_3=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{3}_{1}e^tdt=\frac{1}{2}.\left.\begin{matrix} 3\\ 1\end{matrix}\right|e^t=\frac{1}{2}(e^3-e)\)
Câu 4:
\(I_4=\int ^{1}_{0}xe^{x^2+2}dx=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{1}_{0}e^{x^2+2}d(x^2+2)\)
Đặt \(x^2+2=t\Rightarrow I_4=\frac{1}{2}\int ^{3}_{2}e^tdt=\frac{1}{2}.\left.\begin{matrix} 3\\ 2\end{matrix}\right|e^t=\frac{1}{2}(e^3-e^2)\)
Giả sử các biểu thức đều xác định
a/
\(sinx.cotx+cosx.tanx=sinx.\frac{cosx}{sinx}+cosx.\frac{sinx}{cosx}=sinx+cosx\)
b/
\(\left(1+cosx\right)\left(sin^2x+cos^2x-cosx\right)=\left(1+cosx\right)\left(1-cosx\right)=1-cos^2x=sin^2x\)
c/
\(\frac{sinx+cosx}{cos^3x}=\frac{1}{cos^2x}\left(\frac{sinx+cosx}{cosx}\right)=\left(1+tan^2x\right)\left(tanx+1\right)=tan^3x+tan^2x+tanx+1\)
d/
\(tan^2x-sin^2x=\frac{sin^2x}{cos^2x}-sin^2x=sin^2x\left(\frac{1}{cos^2x}-1\right)\)
\(=sin^2x\left(\frac{1-cos^2x}{cos^2x}\right)=sin^2x.\frac{sin^2x}{cos^2x}=sin^2x.tan^2x\)
e/ \(cot^2x-cos^2x=\frac{cos^2x}{sin^2x}-cos^2x=cos^2x\left(\frac{1}{sin^2x}-1\right)=cos^2x\left(\frac{1-sin^2x}{sin^2x}\right)\)
\(=cos^2x.\frac{cos^2x}{sin^2x}=cos^2x.cot^2x\)
a) \(4sinx-1=1\Leftrightarrow4sinx=2\Leftrightarrow sinx=\dfrac{2}{4}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=30^o\)
b) \(2\sqrt{3}-3tanx=\sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow3tanx=2\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}\Leftrightarrow tanx=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=30^o\)
c) \(7sinx-3cos\left(90^o-x\right)=2,5\Leftrightarrow7sinx-3sinx=2,5\Leftrightarrow4sinx=2,5\Leftrightarrow sinx=\dfrac{5}{8}\Leftrightarrow x=30^o41'\)
d)\(\left(2sin-\sqrt{2}\right)\left(4cos-5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2sin-\sqrt{2}=0\\4cos-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2sin=\sqrt{2}\\4cos=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\cos=\dfrac{5}{4}\left(loai\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x=45^o\)
Xin lỗi nãy đang làm thì bấm gửi, quên còn câu e, f nữa:"(
e) \(\dfrac{1}{cos^2x}-tanx=1\Leftrightarrow1+tan^2x-tanx-1=0\Leftrightarrow tan^2x-tanx=0\Leftrightarrow tanx\left(tanx-1\right)=0\Rightarrow tanx-1=0\Leftrightarrow tanx=1\Leftrightarrow x=45^o\)
f) \(cos^2x-3sin^2x=0,19\Leftrightarrow1-sin^2x-3sin^2x=0,19\Leftrightarrow1-4sin^2x=0,19\Leftrightarrow4sin^2x=0,81\Leftrightarrow sin^2x=\dfrac{81}{400}\Leftrightarrow sinx=\dfrac{9}{20}\Leftrightarrow x=26^o44'\)
a) \(\int\left(x+\ln x\right)x^2\text{d}x=\int x^3\text{d}x+\int x^2\ln x\text{dx}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^4}{4}+\int x^2\ln x\text{dx}+C\) (*)
Để tính: \(\int x^2\ln x\text{dx}\) ta sử dụng công thức tính tích phân từng phần như sau:
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=\ln x\\v'=x^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u'=\dfrac{1}{x}\\v=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Suy ra:
\(\int x^2\ln x\text{dx}=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\ln x-\dfrac{1}{3}\int x^2\text{dx}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\ln x-\dfrac{1}{3}.\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\)
Thay vào (*) ta tính được nguyên hàm của hàm số đã cho bằng:
(*) \(=\dfrac{1}{3}x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\ln x+\dfrac{1}{9}x^3+C\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{9}x^3-\dfrac{1}{3}x^3\ln x+C\)
b) Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x+\sin^2x\\v'=\sin x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u'=1+2\sin x.\cos x\\v=-\cos x\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(\int\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\sin x\text{dx}=-\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\cos x+\int\left(1+2\sin x\cos^2x\right)\text{dx}\)
\(=-\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\cos x+\int\cos x\text{dx}+2\int\sin x.\cos^2x\text{dx}\)
\(=-\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\cos x+\sin x-2\int\cos^2x.d\left(\cos x\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+\sin^2x\right)\cos x+\sin x-2\dfrac{\cos^3x}{3}+C\)
1. Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x\\dv=\dfrac{dx}{sin^2x}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=dx\\v=-cotx\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó I= \(-x.cotx+\int cotxdx\)= \(-xcotx+ln\left|sinx\right|\)
2. Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u=x+1\\dv=\dfrac{dx}{e^x}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}du=dx\\v=-e^{-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó I= \(-\left(x+1\right)e^{-x}+\int e^{-x}dx\)=\(-\left(x+1\right)e^{-x}-e^{-x}\)
=\(-\left(x+2\right)e^{-x}\)
a, \(cos^2x-cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx\left(cosx-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cosx=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(2sin2x+\sqrt{2}sin4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin2x+2\sqrt{2}sin2x.cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow sin2x\left(1+\sqrt{2}cos2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin2x=0\\1+\sqrt{2}cos2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=k\pi\\cos2x=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\2x=\dfrac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\\2x=\dfrac{\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\dfrac{3\pi}{8}+k\pi\\x=\dfrac{\pi}{8}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(cos^2x-cosx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cosx\left(cosx-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cosx=0\\cosx=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{2}+k\pi\\x=k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) (k ∈ Z)
Vậy...
b, \(2sin2x+\sqrt{2}sin4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin2x+2\sqrt{2}sin2x.cos2x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2sin2x\left(1+\sqrt{2}cos2x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sin2x=0\\cos2x=\dfrac{-\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=k\pi\\2x=\pm\dfrac{3\pi}{4}+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\\x=\pm\dfrac{3\pi}{8}+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
c, \(8cos^2x+2sinx-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(1-sin^2x\right)+2sinx-7=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8sin^2x-2sinx-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}sinx=\dfrac{1}{2}\\sinx=-\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=\dfrac{5\pi}{6}+k2\pi\\x=arcsin\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+k2\pi\\x=\pi-arcsin\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+k2\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
d, \(4cos^4x+cos^2x-3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}cos^2x=\dfrac{3}{4}\\cos^2x=-1\left(loai\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{cos2x+1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos2x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k2\pi\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\dfrac{\pi}{6}+k\pi\)
Vậy...
e, \(\sqrt{3}tanx-6cotx+\left(2\sqrt{3}-3\right)=0\) (ĐK: \(x\ne\dfrac{k\pi}{2}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}tanx-\dfrac{6}{tanx}+\left(2\sqrt{3}-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3}tan^2x+\left(2\sqrt{3}-3\right)tanx-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}tanx=\sqrt{3}\\tanx=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\pi}{3}+k\pi\left(tm\right)\\x=arctan\left(-2\right)+k\pi\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
a.
\(y=\dfrac{3}{2}sin2x-2\left(cos^2x-sin^2x\right)+5=\dfrac{3}{2}sin2x-2cos2x+5\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{5}sin2x-\dfrac{4}{5}cos2x\right)+5=\dfrac{5}{2}sin\left(2x-a\right)+5\) (với \(cosa=\dfrac{3}{5}\))
\(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{5}{2}+5\le y\le\dfrac{5}{2}+5\)
b.
\(\Leftrightarrow y.sinx-2y.cosx+4y=3sinx-cosx+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-3\right)sinx+\left(1-2y\right)cosx=1-4y\)
Theo điều kiện có nghiệm của pt lượng giác bậc nhất:
\(\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(1-2y\right)^2\ge\left(1-4y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11y^2+2y-9\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1\le y\le\dfrac{9}{11}\)
c.
Do \(x^2+y^2=1\Rightarrow\) đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=sina\\y=cosa\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow y=\dfrac{2\left(sin^2a+6sina.cosa\right)}{1+2sina.cosa+cos^2a}=\dfrac{1-cos2a+6sin2a}{1+sin2a+\dfrac{1+cos2a}{2}}=\dfrac{2-2cos2a+12sin2a}{3+2sin2a+cos2a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3y+2y.sin2a+y.cos2a=2-2cos2a+12sin2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2y-12\right)sin2a+\left(y+2\right)cos2a=2-3y\)
Theo điều kiện có nghiệm của pt bậc nhất theo sin2a, cos2a:
\(\left(2y-12\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\ge\left(2-3y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2+8y-36\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow-4-2\sqrt{13}\le y\le-4+2\sqrt{13}\)
Lời giải:
a)
\(\frac{1-\cos x}{\sin x}=\frac{(1-\cos x)(1+\cos x)}{\sin x(1+\cos x)}=\frac{1-\cos ^2x}{\sin x(1+\cos x)}=\frac{\sin ^2x}{\sin x(1+\cos x)}=\frac{\sin x}{1+\cos x}\)
b)
\((\sin x+\cos x-1)(\sin x+\cos x+1)=(\sin x+\cos x)^2-1^2\)
\(=\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x+2\sin x\cos x-1=1+2\sin x\cos x-1=2\sin x\cos x\)
c)
\(\frac{\sin ^2x+2\cos x-1}{2+\cos x-\cos ^2x}=\frac{1-\cos ^2x+2\cos x-1}{2+\cos x-\cos ^2x}=\frac{-\cos ^2x+2\cos x}{2+\cos x-\cos ^2x}\)
\(=\frac{\cos x(2-\cos x)}{(2-\cos x)(\cos x+1)}=\frac{\cos x}{\cos x+1}\)
d)
\(\frac{\cos ^2x-\sin ^2x}{\cot ^2x-\tan ^2x}=\frac{\cos ^2x-\sin ^2x}{\frac{\cos ^2x}{\sin ^2x}-\frac{\sin ^2x}{\cos ^2x}}=\frac{\sin ^2x\cos ^2x(\cos ^2x-\sin ^2x)}{\cos ^4x-\sin ^4x}\)
\(=\frac{\sin ^2x\cos ^2x(\cos ^2x-\sin ^2x)}{(\cos ^2x-\sin ^2x)(\cos ^2x+\sin ^2x)}=\frac{\sin ^2x\cos ^2x}{\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x}=\sin ^2x\cos ^2x\)
e)
\(1-\cot ^4x=1-\frac{\cos ^4x}{\sin ^4x}=\frac{\sin ^4x-\cos ^4x}{\sin ^4x}=\frac{(\sin ^2x-\cos ^2x)(\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x)}{\sin ^4x}\)
\(=\frac{\sin ^2x-\cos ^2x}{\sin ^4x}=\frac{\sin ^2x-(1-\sin ^2x)}{\sin ^4x}=\frac{2\sin ^2x-1}{\sin ^4x}=\frac{2}{\sin ^2x}-\frac{1}{\sin ^4x}\)
Ta có ddpcm.
Đáp án đúng : C