Kiểm tra bài : Nhân, chia số hữu tỉ
Thực hiện phép tính :
(1) \(-\frac{3}{2}.\frac{7}{10}=\frac{-3.7}{2.10}=\frac{-21}{20}\)
(2) \(\frac{-5}{3}.\frac{6}{11}=\frac{-5.6}{3.11}=\frac{-30}{33}\)
(3) \(2\frac{1}{3}.\left(-1\frac{2}{3}\right)=\frac{7}{3}.\left(-\frac{5}{3}\right)=\frac{7.\left(-5\right)}{3.3}=-\frac{35}{9}\)
(4) \(\frac{9}{10}:\left(-\frac{15}{11}\right)=\frac{9}{10}.\left(\frac{-11}{15}\right)=\frac{9.\left(-11\right)}{10.15}=-\frac{99}{150}=-\frac{33}{50}\)
(5) \(\left(-1\right):\frac{3}{8}=\frac{\left(-1\right).8}{3}=-\frac{8}{3}\)
(6) \(\frac{1}{2}.\left(-\frac{5}{4}\right).\frac{8}{7}=\frac{1.\left(-5\right)}{2.4}.\frac{8}{7}=-\frac{5}{8}.\frac{8}{7}=-\frac{5.8}{8.7}=-\frac{5}{7}\)
(7) \(\frac{-9}{2}.\frac{2}{18}.\frac{1}{7}=\left(-\frac{9}{2}.\frac{2}{18}\right).\frac{1}{7}=\left(-\frac{9.2}{2.18}\right).\frac{1}{7}=-\frac{18}{36}.\frac{1}{7}=-\frac{18.1}{36.7}=-\frac{1}{14}\)
(8) \(\left(\frac{9}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right).\frac{6}{17}=\left(\frac{27}{6}-\frac{2}{6}\right).\frac{6}{17}=\frac{27-2}{6}.\frac{6}{17}=\frac{25}{6}.\frac{6}{17}=\frac{25.6}{6.17}=\frac{25}{17}\)
(9) \(\left(-\frac{12}{13}:\frac{36}{39}\right).\frac{3}{5}=\left(-\frac{12}{13}.\frac{39}{36}\right).\frac{3}{5}=\left(\frac{-12.39}{13.36}\right).\frac{3}{5}=-\frac{1.3}{5}=-\frac{3}{5}\)
(10) \(\left(-\frac{3}{7}+\frac{7}{9}\right):\frac{4}{7}+\left(-\frac{4}{7}+\frac{2}{9}\right):\frac{4}{7}=\left(\left(-\frac{3}{7}+\frac{7}{9}\right)+\left(-\frac{4}{7}+\frac{2}{9}\right)\right):\frac{4}{7}\)
\(=\left(\left(-\frac{27}{63}+\frac{49}{63}\right)+\left(-\frac{36}{63}+\frac{14}{63}\right)\right):\frac{4}{7}=\left(\left(-\frac{27+49}{63}\right)+\left(\frac{-36+14}{63}\right)\right):\frac{4}{7}\)
\(=\left(\left(\frac{22}{63}\right)+\left(-\frac{22}{63}\right)\right):\frac{4}{7}\)
\(=\frac{22+\left(-22\right)}{63}:\frac{4}{7}=\frac{0}{63}:\frac{4}{7}=0\)
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Bài 3:
a) Ta có: \(1.25\cdot\left(-3\frac{3}{8}\right)\)
\(=\frac{5}{4}\cdot\frac{-27}{8}\)
\(=\frac{-135}{32}\)
b) Ta có: \(\frac{-9}{34}\cdot\frac{17}{4}\)
\(=\frac{-9}{4}\cdot\frac{17}{34}\)
\(=-\frac{9}{4}\cdot\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=-\frac{9}{8}\)
c) Ta có: \(-\frac{20}{41}\cdot\frac{-4}{5}\)
\(=\frac{20}{41}\cdot\frac{4}{5}\)
\(=\frac{16}{41}\)
d) Ta có: \(\frac{-6}{7}\cdot\frac{21}{2}\)
\(=-\frac{6}{2}\cdot\frac{21}{7}\)
\(=-3\cdot3=-9\)
Bài 4:
a) Ta có: \(-\frac{5}{2}\cdot\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=-\frac{5\cdot3}{2\cdot4}=\frac{-15}{8}\)
b) Ta có: \(4\frac{1}{5}:\left(-2\frac{4}{5}\right)\)
\(=-\frac{21}{5}:\frac{14}{5}\)
\(=-\frac{21}{5}\cdot\frac{5}{14}\)
\(=-\frac{21}{14}=-\frac{3}{2}\)
c) Ta có: \(1.8:\left(-\frac{3}{4}\right)\)
\(=\frac{9}{5}:\frac{-3}{4}\)
\(=\frac{9}{5}\cdot\frac{4}{-3}\)
\(=-\frac{12}{5}\)
d) Ta có: \(\frac{17}{15}:\frac{4}{3}\)
\(=\frac{17}{15}\cdot\frac{3}{4}\)
\(=\frac{17}{20}\)