Cho các số a, b, c khác 0 thỏa mãn:\(\dfrac{a-b+c}{2b}\)=\(\dfrac{c-a+b}{2a}\)=\(\dfrac{a-c+b}{2c}\)
Tính giá trị biểu thức P=(1+\(\dfrac{c}{b}\)).(1+\(\dfrac{b}{a}\)).(1+\(\dfrac{a}{c}\))
K
Khách
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KK
15 tháng 3 2017
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a\left(2b+2c-1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(2c+2a-1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(2a+2b-1\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a\left[2b+2c-\left(a+b+c\right)\right]}+\dfrac{1}{b\left[2c+2a-\left(a+b+c\right)\right]}+\dfrac{1}{c\left[2a+2b-\left(a+b+c\right)\right]}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a\left(b+c-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(c+a-b\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(a+b-c\right)}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{ab+ac-a^2}+\dfrac{1}{bc+ab-b^2}+\dfrac{1}{ca+bc-c^2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{-a^2-b^2-c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca}=\dfrac{9}{-\left[a^2+b^2+c^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right]}\) ( 1 )
Theo hệ quả của bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left[a^2+b^2+c^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right]\le ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{-\left[a^2+b^2+c^2-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right]}\ge\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
Từ ( 1 )
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
Theo hệ quả của bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow27\le\dfrac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge27\)
Vậy \(P_{min}=27\)
15 tháng 3 2017
uk t ấn nhầm . t ghi lại đúng đây c lm hộ t vs
\(P=\dfrac{1}{a\left(2b+2c-1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(2c+2a-1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(2a+2b-1\right)}\)
20 tháng 9 2021
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\left(đúng\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{4}{2a+b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left[\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{2b}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\right)\)
CMTT \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{2c}\right)\\\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{2a}+\dfrac{1}{2b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{2a}+\dfrac{2}{2b}+\dfrac{2}{2c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}.4=1\)
\(minM=1\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
7 tháng 12 2021
Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:
\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2b+c-a+2c-b+a+2a+b-c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2b+2c+2a}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)
\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=2\Rightarrow2b+c-a=2a\Rightarrow2b=3a-c\)\(\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=2\Rightarrow2c-b+a=2b\Rightarrow2c=3b-a\)
\(\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=2\Rightarrow2a+b-c=2c\Rightarrow2a=3c-b\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(2a-b\right)\left(2b-c\right)\left(2c-a\right)}{2a.2b.2c}=\dfrac{\left(2a-b\right)\left(2b-c\right)\left(2c-a\right)}{8abc}\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
24 tháng 12 2022
\(A=\dfrac{x-4+5}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)+5}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\sqrt{x}+2+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}-2+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}-2}+4\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{5\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-2}}+4=4+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(A_{min}=4+2\sqrt{5}\) khi \(9+4\sqrt{5}\)
b.
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{l}{z}\right)\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(B=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(B_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\Rightarrow a=b=c=1\)
TH1: \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\a+c=-b\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)}{b}.\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)}{a}.\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)}{c}=\dfrac{-a}{b}.\dfrac{-c}{a}.\dfrac{-b}{c}=-1\)
TH2: \(a+b+c\ne0\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{a-b+c}{2b}=\dfrac{c-a+b}{2a}=\dfrac{a-c+b}{2c}=\dfrac{a-b+c+c-a+b+a-c+b}{2b+2a+2c}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a-b+c}{2b}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{c-a+b}{2a}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{a-c+b}{2c}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+c=2b\\c+b=2a\\a+b=2c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)