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\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,5 0,5 0,5
\(m_{MgSO_4}=0,5.120=60g\\
V_{H_2}=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(mol\right)\\
\)
c)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6}{98}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\
LTL:0,5>0,2\)
=> H2SO4 dư
\(n_{Zn\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
n_{Zn\left(d\right)}=0,5-0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a)
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{MgCl_2} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(mol)$
$m_{MgCl_2} = 0,25.95 = 23,75(gam)$
b)
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,5(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,5.36,5}{7,3\%} = 250(gam)$
c)
$2K + 2H_2O \to 2KOH + H_2$
$n_K = 2n_{H_2} = 0,5(mol)$
$m_K = 0,5.39 = 19,5(gam)$
a,\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=1,5.0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 → MgSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,3 0,3 0,3
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{1}\) ⇒ Mg dư, H2SO4 pứ hết
\(m_{MgSO_4}=0,3.120=36\left(g\right)\)
b,\(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{6,4}{160}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 3H2 + Fe2O3 → 2Fe + 3H2O
Mol: 0,04 0,08
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,3}{3}>\dfrac{0,04}{1}\) ⇒ H2 dư, Fe2O3 pứ hết
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,08.56=4,48\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,3}{65}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2
0,02--->0,02--------->0,02----->0,02
b, mZnSO4 = 0,02.161 = 3,22 (g)
c, VH2 = 0,02.22,4 = 0,448 (l)
d, \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,02.98}{10\%}=19,6\left(g\right)\)
e, mdd = 19,6 + 1,3 - 0,02.2 = 20,86 (g)
=> \(C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,02.161}{20,86}.100\%=15,44\%\)
a )
nMg = \(\dfrac{7,2}{24}\) 0,3 ( mol )
Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2
Theo pt : mmgSO4 = 0,3.120 = 36 ( g )
b )
Theo pt : nH2 = nMg = 0,3 ( mol )
-> VH2( đktc ) = 0,3.22,4 = 6,72 ( l )
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(m_{MgSO_4}=120.0,1=12\left(g\right)\\
n_{CuO}=\dfrac{48}{80}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0,6}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\)
=> CuO dư
\(n_{CuO\left(P\text{Ư}\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
m_{CuO\left(d\right)}=\left(0,6-0,1\right).80=40\left(g\right)\)
nMg=2,424=0,1(mol)pthh:Mg+H2SO4→MgSO4+H2nMg=2,424=0,1(mol)pthh:Mg+H2SO4→MgSO4+H2
0,1 0,1 0,1
mMgSO4=120.0,1=12(g)nCuO=4880=0,6(mol)pthh:CuO+H2to→Cu+H2OmMgSO4=120.0,1=12(g)nCuO=4880=0,6(mol)pthh:CuO+H2to→Cu+H2O
\(PTHH:Mg+H_2SO_4--->MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL, ta có:
\(m_{Mg}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{MgSO_4}+m_{H_2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9,6+39,2=m_{MgSO_4}+0,8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{MgSO_4}=9,6+39,2-0,8=48\left(g\right)\)
a) Mg + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2\(\uparrow\) (1)
b) nMg = \(\dfrac{18}{24}\) = 0,75(mol)
Theo PT (1) ta có: n\(H_2SO_4\) = nMg = 0,75(mol)
=> m\(H_2SO_4\) = 0,75.98 = 73,5(g)
c) 200ml = 0,2 lít => CM = \(\dfrac{0,75}{0,2}\) = 3,75(M)
d) Theo PT (1) ta có: n\(H_2\) = nMg = 0,75(mol)
=> V\(H_2\) = 0,75.22,4 = 16,8(l)
200ml = 0,2l
\(n_{HCl}=0,5.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2|\)
1 2 1 1
0,05 0,1 0,1 0,05
b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Mg}=0,05.24=1,2\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
d) \(n_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{MgCl2}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
axit sunfuric là H2SO4 mà