Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42. In early civilization, citizens were educated informally, usually within the family unit. Education meant simply learning to live. As civilization became more complex, however, education became more formal, structured, and comprehensive. Initial efforts of the ancient Chinese and Greek societies concentrated solely on the education of males....
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
In early civilization, citizens were educated informally, usually within the family unit. Education meant simply learning to live. As civilization became more complex, however, education became more formal, structured, and comprehensive. Initial efforts of the ancient Chinese and Greek societies concentrated solely on the education of males. The post-Babylonian Jews and Plato were exceptions to this pattern. Plato was apparently the first significant advocate of the equality of the sexes. Women, in his ideal state, would have the same rights and duties and the same educational opportunities as men. This aspect of Platonic philosophy, however, had little or no effect on education for many centuries, and the concept of a liberal education for men only, which had been espoused by Aristotle, prevailed.
In ancient Rome, the availability of an education was gradually extended to women, but they were taught separately from men. The early Christians and medieval Europeans continued this trend, and single-sex schools for the privileged through classes prevailed through the Reformation period. Gradually, however, education for women, in a separate but equal basis to that provided for men, was becoming a clear responsibility of society. Martin Luther appealed for civil support of schools for all children. At the Council of Trent in the 16th century, the Roman Catholic Church encouraged the establishment of free primary schools for children of all classes. The concept of universal primary education, regardless of sex, had been born, but it was still in the realm of the single-sex school.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, co-education became a more widely applied principle of educational philosophy. In Britain, Germany, and the Soviet Union the education of boys and girls in the same classes became an accepted practice. Since World War II, Japan and the Scandinavian countries have also adopted relatively universal co-educational systems. The greatest negative reaction to co-education has been felt in the teaching systems of the Latin countries, where the sexes have usually been separated at both primary and secondary levels, according to local conditions.
A number of studies have indicated that girls seem to perform better overall and in science in particular. In single-sex classes, during the adolescent years, pressure to conform to stereotypical female gender roles may disadvantage girls in traditionally male subjects, making them reluctant to volunteer for experimental work while taking part in lessons. In Britain, academic league tables point to high standards achieved in girls’ schools. Some educationalists, therefore, suggest separation of the sexes as a good thing, particularly in certain areas, and a number of schools are experimenting with the idea.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Education in early civilization
B. The equality of sexes in education
C. The co-education and separation of sexes in education through different periods and societies
D. The benefits of single-sex classes
Education is very important in modern world for both males and females and every boy and girl need to get a quality education. In some nations, younger and teenagers get education in separate schools while other countries prefer co-education. In this essay we will discuss advantages and disadvantages of separate and co-education of both genders.
First of all, in teenagers there were many problems which the elders need to control and have proper check on them. Education plays a great role in the mind and character building of both male and females. Those nations, which provide separate education for boys and girls, have the opportunity to maintain disciplines in both boys and girls, and most of the time they will give a better result to the society.
Secondly, separate education gives opportunity to those students especially girls in many countries, who didn’t want to study in co-education, and they get their required education from those schools in which separate educations are available.
However, there are still some drawbacks of separate educations as well. For example, in co-education both boys and girls earn a lot of confidence, enable them to deal with opposite genders, and they face no problems in their professional life.
All in all, separate education has some advantages on boys and girls and on the society as well but still it has some disadvantages and some countries provide to co-education to facilitate their generation with modern awareness.
I think the advantage of this is that it will help the students to be gender neutral and will help the communication between students become better. The downside of this is that the students will not learn evenly and lead to There are fewer outstanding students and more exceptional students.