Cho a > 1 và b > 1. Chứng minh :\(a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\le ab\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+ac+bc}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{a}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\) Chứng minh tương tự ta được:
\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right);\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+1+1\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\) Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Áp dụng Bđt Cô-si ta có:
\(b-1+1\ge2\sqrt{b-1}\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{2}\ge\sqrt{b-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\sqrt{b-1}\le\frac{ab}{2}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(b\sqrt{a-1}\le\frac{ab}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\le ab\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi cho 2 số dương
\(1=a^2+b^2\ge2ab\Leftrightarrow ab\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Mà \(\left(a+b\right)^2=1+2ab\le1+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}=2\Leftrightarrow a+b\le\sqrt{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski
\(\left(a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(1+b+1+a\right)=2+a+b\le2+\sqrt{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\le\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1+b}{1+a}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhicopski:
\(\left(a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\right)\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(1+b+1+a\right)=a+b+2\left(1\right)\)
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)(BĐT Cauchy)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\Rightarrow a+b\le\sqrt{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left(a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\right)^2\le2+\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\le\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(a\sqrt{1-b^2}=\sqrt{a^2\left(1-b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2+1-b^2}{2}\)
Tương tự cx có: \(b\sqrt{1-c^2}\le\dfrac{b^2+1-c^2}{2}\)
\(c\sqrt{1-a^2}\le\dfrac{c^2+1-a^2}{2}\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=1-b^2\\b^2=1-c^2\\c^2=1-a^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=3-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\text{VT}^2\leq (a^2+b^2)(1+a+1+b)=a+b+2\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\((a+b)^2\leq 2(a^2+b^2)=2\Rightarrow a+b\leq \sqrt{2}\)
Do đó: $\text{VT}^2\leq 2+\sqrt{2}$
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$