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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\text{VT}^2\leq (a^2+b^2)(1+a+1+b)=a+b+2\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\((a+b)^2\leq 2(a^2+b^2)=2\Rightarrow a+b\leq \sqrt{2}\)
Do đó: $\text{VT}^2\leq 2+\sqrt{2}$
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq \sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}$ (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$
Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(a\sqrt{1-b^2}=\sqrt{a^2\left(1-b^2\right)}\le\dfrac{a^2+1-b^2}{2}\)
Tương tự cx có: \(b\sqrt{1-c^2}\le\dfrac{b^2+1-c^2}{2}\)
\(c\sqrt{1-a^2}\le\dfrac{c^2+1-a^2}{2}\)
Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow VT\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=1-b^2\\b^2=1-c^2\\c^2=1-a^2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=3-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x^2;y^2;z^2\right)\) với \(x;y;z>0\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
Đặt vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P
Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{1}{x^2+2y^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+2z^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{z^2+2x^2+3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)+\left(z^2+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)+2}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2xy+2y+2}+\dfrac{1}{2yz+2z+2}+\dfrac{1}{2zx+2x+2}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+y+1}+\dfrac{1}{yz+z+1}+\dfrac{1}{zx+x+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+y+1}+\dfrac{xyz}{yz+z+xyz}+\dfrac{y}{xyz+xy+y}\right)\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+y+1}+\dfrac{xy}{y+1+xy}+\dfrac{y}{1+xy+y}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
\(2a^2+5b^2+2ab=1\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a+2b\right)^2=1\)
Đặt \(P=\dfrac{a-b}{a+2b+2}\Rightarrow P\left(a+2b\right)+2P=a-b\)
\(\Rightarrow2P=\left(a-b\right)-P\left(a+2b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4P^2=\left[\left(a-b\right)-P\left(a+2b\right)\right]^2\le\left(P^2+1\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a+2b\right)^2\right]=P^2+1\)
\(\Rightarrow3P^2\le1\Rightarrow-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\le P\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Áp dụng BDT Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki ta có:
\(\left(a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(2+a+b\right)=a+b+2\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT Bu-nhi-a-cốp-xki ta có: \(\left(1.a+1.b\right)^2\le\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)=2\Rightarrow a+b\le\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\right)^2\le a+b+2\le2+\sqrt{2}\Rightarrow a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\le\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}\)
Lời giải:
a) Ta thấy: \(a+b-2\sqrt{ab}=(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b})^2\geq 0, \forall a,b>0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b\geq 2\sqrt{ab}>0\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a+b}\le \frac{1}{2\sqrt{ab}}\).
Vì $a> b$ nên dấu bằng không xảy ra . Tức \(\frac{1}{a+b}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{ab}}\)
Ta có đpcm
b)
Áp dụng kết quả phần a:
\(\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{1+2}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{2.1}}\)
\(\frac{1}{5}=\frac{1}{3+2}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{2.3}}\)
\(\frac{1}{7}=\frac{1}{4+3}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{4.3}}\)
.....
\(\frac{1}{4021}=\frac{1}{2011+2010}< \frac{1}{2\sqrt{2011.2010}}\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}{3}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{5}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2011}-\sqrt{2010}}{4021}\)
\(< \frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1}}{2\sqrt{2.1}}+\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{2\sqrt{3.2}}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{4.3}}+....+\frac{\sqrt{2011}-\sqrt{2010}}{2\sqrt{2011.2010}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}+...+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2010}}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2011}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2011}}< \frac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi cho 2 số dương
\(1=a^2+b^2\ge2ab\Leftrightarrow ab\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Mà \(\left(a+b\right)^2=1+2ab\le1+2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}=2\Leftrightarrow a+b\le\sqrt{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski
\(\left(a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(1+b+1+a\right)=2+a+b\le2+\sqrt{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\le\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}=\sqrt{\dfrac{1+b}{1+a}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhicopski:
\(\left(a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\right)\le\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(1+b+1+a\right)=a+b+2\left(1\right)\)
Ta có: \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)(BĐT Cauchy)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\Rightarrow a+b\le\sqrt{2}\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left(a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\right)^2\le2+\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{1+b}+b\sqrt{1+a}\le\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)